Phytoremediation, a Green, Clean Technology and Effect of Heavy Metals on Morphology of Hyperaccumulator Plants | Original Article

ABSTRACT:

Phytoremediation is the use of green plants to remediate the contaminants present in soil, water, air, land etc. Heavy metals are hazardous to plants, animals and human beings etc. Heavy metals like Cadmium (Cd), Lead(Pb), Chromium(Cr), Arsenic (As), Uranium(Ur), radionuclides are harmful and damages anatomical features of plants animals and human beings. Processes and mechanism of Phytoremediation are Phytoextraction, Phytostabilization, Rhizofiltration, Phytodegradation, Phytostimulation etc. Heavy metals at very low concentration effect very less but at slight higher concentration effect the Phytoremediator plants, shows the morphological effect like decrease in leaf number, leaf area, chlorosis, reduction's in root and shoot lengths, slight increase and then decrease of dry weight of plant and its aerial parts. Hyperaccumulator plants tolerate a wide range of heavy metals .Brassica juncea(Mustard), Solanum Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato), Sunflower (Helianthus annus), Eicchornea crassipes (Water  hyacinth) studied as hyperaccumulator plants.