Every country has a financial integral strategy in order to build its financial sector comprehensively and sustain its condition consistently for several years. The strategy also works towards strengthening the financial system of the economy whenever there are fluctuations in the financial market.  Financial Education, Financial Inclusion and financial stability form the three main elements of the financial strategy of a country. Inclusive Growth and development on a nation is determined by the level of its financial Inclusion. When the financial products and services are available to the weal sections of the society at a cost effective and transparent manner it is termed a financial Inclusion. The Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India has been making concerted efforts to promote financial inclusion as one of the important national objectives of the country. This paper though a financial inclusion survey on 150 respondents attempts to enlist the factors that encourage financial inclusion.

Prime Minister Employment Generation Program (PMEGP) was launched on 15th Aug 2008 by the Ministry of MSME to create self-employment and employment opportunities by promoting establishment of self-employment ventures/micro enterprises in rural and urban areas. This scheme was evolved by merging two existing self-employment schemes, building upon the experiences from implementation of these schemes. With MSME as single nodal agency at the National level, the scheme is being implemented with active engagement of State KVIC Directorates, State Khadi and Village Industries Boards (KVIBs) and District Industries enters (DICs) and banks. In the state of Madhya Pradesh, during the year 2009-10, total of1138 enterprises were supported under this program. Physical verification of these units was undertaken to look at the status of these units and ascertain whether the enterprises supported adhered to the scheme guidelines or not. This paper attempts to give an overview of this scheme, profile the enterprises supported and present the status of the units based on the physical verification that was undertaken to study the units. Physical verification included interactions with the entrepreneurs and other stakeholder. Relevant records were also examined in order to understand if the scheme guidelines were adhered to or not and also to look at present status and performance of the supported units. Based on the field observation and findings of the study an attempt has also been made to suggest recommendations for better implementation of the Scheme.

Prime Minister Employment Generation Program (PMEGP) was launched on 15th Aug 2008 by the Ministry of MSME to create self-employment and employment opportunities by promoting establishment of self-employment ventures/micro enterprises in rural and urban areas. This scheme was evolved by merging two existing self-employment schemes, building upon the experiences from implementation of these schemes. With MSME as single nodal agency at the National level, the scheme is being implemented with active engagement of State KVIC Directorates, State Khadi and Village Industries Boards (KVIBs) and District Industries enters (DICs) and banks. In the state of Madhya Pradesh, during the year 2009-10, total of1138 enterprises were supported under this program. Physical verification of these units was undertaken to look at the status of these units and ascertain whether the enterprises supported adhered to the scheme guidelines or not. This paper attempts to give an overview of this scheme, profile the enterprises supported and present the status of the units based on the physical verification that was undertaken to study the units. Physical verification included interactions with the entrepreneurs and other stakeholder. Relevant records were also examined in order to understand if the scheme guidelines were adhered to or not and also to look at present status and performance of the supported units. Based on the field observation and findings of the study an attempt has also been made to suggest recommendations for better implementation of the Scheme.

Young people today are facing a complex and rapidly changing society. A review of the literature reveals that despite a great deal of effort being put forth by schools and government agencies, an increasingly large proportion of Indian youth have and will continue to experience difficulty in making the transition from the world of school to the world of work. Over the last few decades significant economic, social, political, and technological changes have made it difficult for young people to adapt to the numerous career trends. These trends which include Move from the production/ manufacturing sector to the service sector; Automation and  increase in computer technology;  Increase in online ,app based ,part time, temporary and seasonal work; Inflation  in the number of women, minorities, and persons with disabilities in the work force; Population increase of skilled youngsters leading to unemployment, low-paying positions and competition. Aim of the study rest on how student make decisions and choices involved in planning future and building a career on occupation in rural areas. Most assorted is students awareness in relation to their academic studies and occupation also the orientation among the students to the method of locating and using available information sources of the school for the purpose of obtaining, analyzing about job and requirements. Paper put maximum emphasis on how students orient to the availability in the school. And after guidance assistance to the students in planning the job seeking process in finding an appropriate place in the world with students born ability, efficiency.

Spiritual Intelligence is quite important of all the intelligences in the world of school education and so is the spiritual health of students today. India had many past success stories in the spirituality applications to the school education but now it is at its bottom and need is to have its value added application revived in the world education with new and better inline ideas. The school environment has changed globally and is synchronized with the global inline educational needs. It is good time to improve the school education to check the negativity in the students by improving academics spiritual health and mind control which have been neglected. It is time to unlock the spiritual dimension of the intelligence.

The era of marketing is changing. The traditional marketing has been converted into integrated marketing which includes all the promotional mix like an advertisement, sale promotion etc. Advertising has a huge impact on the mind of a customer but it has gradually deviated from its objective. As a result, new mode of promotion and communication tools has been evolved. The consumer wants to follow the trends of their favorite hero and heroine. It has given birth to product placement. Product placement can be stated as a paid form for exposure of their products by showing their features in films and television.  Brand owner and various product owners are in search of an innovative way of promoting their product in the market. The objective of the paper is to measure the effectiveness of product placement on purchase intention.  A structured questionnaire was developed to collect the responses of the respondent. A sample was collected from 199 people who are living in Kopargaon. Various tests like Reliability, Correlation, and Regression were applied with the help of SPSS v. 24. In order to check the reliability and validity of the data, Cronbach's alpha value was calculated. The analysis showed .789 which it considers to be good which stated that data is reliable for applying the various test. The Research concluded that recall of the product placed in movie direct viewer towards purchase intention. With this paper lecturer and various advertising agency, media planner, the brand head can implement and develop various blueprint and design in order to extend the use of product placement as a brand communication

When one looks at the global economy and specifically narrows down to the Indian context the automobile sector definitely emerges out as the key player. The Indian automotive industry is one of the largest and the fastest growing industry globally. This study specifically covers the crucial aspect of customer satisfaction for the Premium cars in Bhopal city. The sample size is 660 and has been obtained through the method of random sampling in Bhopal. For the purpose of study, a number of various statistical tools like Factor Analysis, Freq distribution, Percentage Analysis testing has been used. Through the studyit has been found that customers in the Premium segment car category can be rated as average satisfied. Factors to be considered are Design – External as well as Internal, Reliability (brand, Engine), Safety, Advanced Technology, Cost expenses, Maintenance and services, Product Quality. Therefore to fulfill the expectations of respondents we have to conduct surveys and meeting customers so that we can clearly understand their specific requirements and expectationsThis would not merely satisfy the customers but would pull them up toaspire for consider to purchase premium cars.

Education is one of the pertinent factors and accounts for the holistic growth of any nation. There are many developed countries across the globe, which have witnessed this fact for their overall growth and sustenance. Moreover, these countries adopt a type of education system and rubrics, whichever included skills alongside the educational mainstream. Thus, making the youth workforces prudent and effective for upbringing their overall socio-economic development. However, the education system in India is struggling to address and bring in significant changes in terms of infusing skill based education due to its pluralistic society and regional barriers. According to the guidelines of National Curriculum Framework (NCF), the education system must reflect changes in the learning standards and has to put more  emphasis on professional development through imparting four ‘Cs’ such as critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity skills. Hence, the skill based education needs to address the employment requirements in terms of bringing professional development thereby making the youth workforces employable in accordance with expectations of employers. This in turn will enhance the socio- commercial and socio-economic development of the nation. The present study proposes a conceptual model based on reviews so as to measure the skill based education for employability, which comprise of skills.

India has now become a member of 17th Common Wealth Nations who decriminalized homosexuality. This worldwide controversial topic arose in India after the judgment of 2009, 2013 and 2016 given by the High Court of Delhi and Supreme Court which brought several mental changes in the humanity.  The landmark judgment was given by the India’s highest court of justice that decriminalizes consensual gay sex, which concluded in the victory of a big fight, which was being fought since an era. The verdict of the court was a major milestone for LGBT community. I have chosen a provocative adjective in the title to draw your attention and stimulate your concern. Even being minority in country this community enjoys no such privileges which they should be given to them as citizens of the country. They have suffer a lot which makes them fall in the category of marginalised people in India as they are also deprived of their basic rights of life such as marriage, cohabitation with partner without any interference and many others. The basis of this research work lies in the circumstantial development and to uplift this community. The next major step to be taken for the welfare of LGBT community is to bring rules and regulations related to marriage, property rights and joint banking and insurance services, so they accept there is a long battle to face in upcoming years. The lack of social recognition has an effect on the capacity of LGBT people to access and accept themselves as the citizens of the country so far. The inequalities include isolation, social discrimination, and negative mental and physical health and many more, which finally cause them to face separation from this growing society. It has always been a debateable topic that either these people will get their rights or they will stand at the back. The complimentary part of the study is to help minority community to get an identity amongst the majority in the society. This research paper examines various stages of fight to get the real victory and the challenges which are being faced by the community members despite the legal victory

E-commerce in past was facing problems of internet friendly population, low penetration of ICT and internet in India, low percentage of credit and debit cardholders, as well as non willingness of people to use plastic money due to perceptual threat towards its use. But with the passage of time, it improved tremendously as people have started gaining confidence about purchasing products through online. Now it is becoming an integral part of modern life. In India, with abundance and diversity of information, easily found and conveniently shared facilities, Internet usage has grown exponentially by reshaping the informational and social needs. This study is an attempt to identify various risks involved in online shopping behaviour. It also tries to analyse the impact and usefulness of online shopping platform in the current scenario of lockdown in India, when social distancing is the utmost important weapon to fight with KOVID -19 viruses. The findings provide useful insight for understanding consumers' perceived risk in internet-based transaction to increase their involvement in online shopping and to reduce their cognitive dissonance in the e-commerce setting.

In present era E-resources have become most popular sources of information among the Research Scholars, Teachers, Professionals and students. Today students have access vast among of information through a variety of sources like E- journals, E-Books, Database, Institutional repository and different format like Doc, File, PDF file, HTML file etc. The need of E-resources and online services among the users are also growing day by day and becoming very essential.                                                       Digital library are collections of digital content and services selected by a curator for use by a particular user community. Digital library offers direct access to the content of a wide variety of intellectual works, including text, audio, video, and data and may offer a variety of services supporting search, access and collaboration. This is greatly altered how library users find and access Information, and has put pressure on traditional library to take on new roles. Access to health information for medical professionals has become more essential because of new trends of practices in health care systems are taking place. Over the last decade electronic resources have become increasingly component of medical library collection. Now it becomes the life line of any library. This research paper has been the Digital Resources and services in JNU Medical College library Aligarh: an Overview. This study identifies those e-resources through which scientific information on health science can be retrieved.

As Covid-19 scare shuts the world down for business, corporate sectors are worried about the well-being of their employees and their business entity. Further, Covid19 has badly affected all the sectors in many folds; namely- production blockage due to lockdown, migration of labour force and shortage of goods supply due to transportation stand down. Export- Import sector has totally paralyzed, as Covid19 has worldwide affect on economy sector and almost covered entire nations as a plague. Almost every ranking agency, economic research houses, policy makers and economists has expected lowering of Global and Indian economy growth rate due to COVID-19 effect. A large amount of FDI & FPI stands withdrawn during this crisis hours, which were in fact really required to support Indian economy during this pandemic hour. On one side, it is important to ensure the growth rate does not fall further and on the other we should take tangible steps for a faster recovery to put economy on a high single digit growth rate soon.  It is expected that Government of India and policy makers will emphasis over encouraging of various indigenous sectors in manufacturing, trading as well as information technology and imposing of certain trade barriers & restriction on foreign business concern for functioning in Indian boundaries. Thus, this SWOT analysis is being focused on to identifying the impact on various sectors in short term and long term, export-import policy, effects on economic growth (GDP) and resources mobilization like capital, material and manpower including labour forces.

The purpose of this paper is to present the study on women entrepreneurs in India and their success stories based on their skill training. It is a general belief in many cultures that the role of women is to build and maintain the homely affairs like task of fetching water, cooking and rearing children. Since the turn of the century, the status of women in India has been changing due to growing industrialization, globalization, and social legislation. With the spread of education and awareness, women have shifted from kitchen to higher level of professional activities. Entrepreneurship has been a male-dominated phenomenon from the very early age, but time has changed the situation and brought women as today’s most memorable and inspirational entrepreneurs. Likewise, this study also presents motivational successful stories of women entrepreneurs which brief about the challenges faced and how they overcome. For this kind of study, exploratory method conducted to fulfill the objectives of the study. The main objective the study is to examine the successful stories of women entrepreneurs based on their skill training. The major findings of the study how women are coming from restrained walls implemented by the society and their home itself as well as giving their huge contribution towards the development of the Indian economy.

The main aim of the study was to investigate the concept and evolution of Yoga in our daily life because Yoga is a science of life. Yoga comes in one’s life at a certain point in time to provide awareness to question regarding the purpose of one’s existence. Yoga have maintained  that there is a state of complete fulfillment, but in order to reach that level of existence then has to  be continuity in the evolution  and experience of consciousness an our life is in a constant process of evolution. So there is a great need and a biological necessity  of yoga in today’s life because Yoga helps us in many ways when we  rely on life sciences like Anatomy, Physiology, Biomechanics , Psychology, Biochemistry etc and many more. Therefore in order to understand the broader concept of yoga we have to study the subject as:

-Yoga as a philosophy (says that we are in constant process if evolution)

-Yoga is an instrument of psychological transformation (says that yoga psychology is both                                     positive and normative science. It prescribe methods for enjoying sound physical and mental health and for promotion of the self)

-Applied yoga (says that yogic technique enables the practitioner to become master of his body, and mind, rather than a victim of his emotion and desire.)

Stress is a part of life and is generated by dynamic situations that a person faces. It is the mental and physical state that occurs when the resources of an individual are not sufficient to handle the current circumstances. Certain amount of stress is essential for the growth of individual and even a part of stress can lead to the serious disorders. The challenge is a key ingredient for healthy and productive work. Challenge can be referred as the bit of stress good for the sustenance and growth and results to be positive. But when the challenge moves in fast pace with high impact and pressure, it lead towards negative impact of stress. This stress increases pressure and deteriorate the condition of the individual leading to harmful problems which may be of physical, mental, emotional, behavioral nature and even create imbalance in lifestyle. Managing the stress is needed to cope with the increasing level of challenges. Stress also ruins the accomplishment of targets. This paper shall throw light on the causes of work stress and how it can affect both the individual and the organization’s success. It will suggest measures to both management and employees to deal with stress.

Innovation has been derived from the Latin word "innovatus" which means the introduction of something new to the existing world and the order of things or the improvement of resources productivity.  Innovation and Entrepreneurship are recognized as key building blocks of competitive and dynamic economies. Countries and regions with vibrant innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems tend to witness. It can be inferred that innovation and successful entrepreneurship are very closely related. Nowadays, innovation has become the most necessary factor for success of an entrepreneur. Innovation can be attributed to understand the needs and problems of the customer - both internal and external. Innovators globally create the mainstream of the wealth, new or an unprejudiced jump from the existing, while the managers and others tend to preserve it. These entrepreneurs bestow new value to old assets and create entirely new functions of capital. Apple, Google, Toyota, Microsoft, Nokia, IBM, Samsung, Sony, Dell, BMW, Intel, Wal-Mart, Honda, etc. have been pioneers in their respective areas for continuous innovation. It is very often said that "India is a rich country inhabited by the poor". India is endowed with plenty of rich natural resources and good climatic conditions but economic development is not achieved to what extent it should have been due to various favourable factors. There must be people with vision, insight, proactive, attitude, and urge to take initiative. In India we need to promote entrepreneurship so as to integrate resources and enhance economic growth. Entrepreneurs perform vital function in economic development. They are referred to as the human agents required to "mobilized capital" to exploit natural resources, to create markets and to carry on trade.  Every organ of our society will have to think how they can now modify their action patterns, so that the ability of our nation and its people, to progress at a rapid pace is enhanced. Failing to do so will not only mean the repeat of past that is backwardness but a worst kind of backwardness. Our economy has seen the divide between east and the west in agricultural age, in industrial age, but the effect of  digital divide in knowledge age would be far greater to be ever being able to bridge, if we are not able to keep the pace with OECD ( Organization For Economic Co-operation And Development) countries now, we will never be able to realize our dream of standing by their side, according to our vision 2020.

The success and survival of any organization depends upon the potential and motivation of the employees working in it. The motivation of employees is directly associated with the Quality of Work Life (QWL) they experience in the organization to continue to attract and retain employees. In this connection the quality of work life of employees in private technical educational institutions plays a significant role in disseminating their role and duties. Due to mushroom growth of engineering colleges in India and no proper regulatory control the employees working in private engineering colleges has less scope for QWL, which is very dismal. The current study was conducted to study relationship between all identified variables of quality of work life and to study the relationship between quality of work life of teachers working in various private engineering colleges with demographics factors (Age and Gender) more specifically in Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh. The data was gathered through a five point Likert scale questionnaire from 312 teaching and 104 non-teaching (total-416) respondents of six private engineering colleges of Bhopal. Mean, Standard deviation, one way ANOVA, T-test were carried out to serve the purpose of study.

संपूर्ण विश्व में आज तक का इतिहास है कि किसी न किसी राजा महाराजा व्यापारी, साहूकार सभी अपने व्यवसाय या आय-व्यय के हिसाब व लेखा जोेखा के लिए निश्चित तौर पर एक न एक मुनीम अवश्य ही रखते थे। ताकि वह समस्त लेन देन की संपूर्ण जानकारी प्राप्त कर सके पर धीरे धीरे समय के बदलाव के साथ लोगों की विचार व विचार धाराओं में तथा लेखांकन पद्धितियों में तकनीकी में परिवर्तन होता रहा। जिसका प्रभाव कही न कही किसी न किसी रूप में प्रत्यक्ष व अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से पड़ता है।

शिक्षा में नवाचार या नवाचारी शिक्षा कोई नई अवधारणा नहीं है। बस, वर्तमान शिक्षण विधियों और पढ़ाने के तरीकों में कुछ नयापन और नवीनता का समावेश करके हम अपने विद्यार्थियों के कौशल में कुछ विकास कर सकते है। वास्तव में शिक्षा का अर्थ ही व्यक्तित्व का सर्वागींण विकास है। किताबी ज्ञान के अलावा विद्यार्थियों के व्यक्तित्व का सकारात्मक विकास करना भी शिक्षक की जिम्मेदारी होती है। अपनें लक्ष्यों को प्राप्त करनें के लिये पंरपरागत तरीकों के अलावा ऐसे नये तरीके भी खोजे जा सकते है, जो विद्यार्थियों की प्रतिभा की पहचार करने में सक्षम हों। और ऐसे कुछ नये कार्य नवाचार की श्रेणी में आ सकते है। नई चीजें किसे अच्छी नहीं लगतीं अगर विद्यार्थियों को नई और रूचिकर विधियों से अध्यापन कराया जाये, तो उनमें न केवल पढ़ाई के प्रति लगन पैदा होती है, बल्कि वह जल्दी भी सीखतें है। एक अच्छा शिक्षक वह होता है, जों बाल मनोविज्ञान का अच्छा ज्ञाता भी हो। समुदाय शिक्षक, समुदाय बालक और पालक ये सभी मिलकर किसी विद्यालय के बातावरण का निर्माण करते है। अच्छी शिक्षा के लिये शिक्षक समुदाय विद्यार्थियों और पालकों के बीच अच्छे सामंजस्य की आवश्यकता होती है। एक सफल संस्था प्रमुख स्वंय कितना काम करता है, इससे कहीं अधिक महत्वपूर्ण यह होता है कि वह अपने सहकर्मियों से कितना और कैसा काम लेता है। मानवीय साधनों के कुशल उपयोग से शैक्षिक उद्देश्यों की प्राप्ति में चमत्कारी उपलब्धियों प्राप्त की जा सकती है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में इस विषयक शिक्षण प्रशिक्षण में नवाचार में नयापन और नवीनता को प्रतिपादित किया गया है। 

The best thermometer to measure the progress of any society is its treatment of its women. There is no hope of rise for that family or country where there is no value of women, where they live in sadness” This above mentioned thought of Swami Vivekanand on Women rightly points out that women education is the essential indicators of nation’s development. There is no doubt that education creates awareness within people i: e discovering themselves and around, acts as the major catalyst and prime factors for bringing out the social change and transformation. And, this is the reason, why, the status of women education has become one of the most important agenda which are being discussed in the today’s world. It is well said that “by educating a woman, you educate the whole family”. Education plays the most crucial role in the development of women’s status. Women education allows them to articulate their aspiration and strategies for change. The participation of women in educational opportunities help them to compete with their family  responsibilities because, women are still consider usually the only once responsible for domestic duties in Jharkhand’s society, Though after exploring and looking into the history and the ruler who ruled in the region of Jharkhand, few dynasties have showed its influence on education in this region but the sector of women education did not seem to account any remarkable trace till the event of east India company in 18th century. Moreover, even, the study of women education in its historical perspectives in Jharkhand has not been explored extensively. Hence, through this paper, the researcher has tried to describe the several contemporary schemes launched by the government and N.G.Os. to enhance the enrolment ratio of girl students and expansion of higher educational institution in the state of JHR.

In the present scenario it is not possible to imagine modern life without plastic money. All kinds of commercial transactions and other forms of payments are done through plastic cards instead of traditional money. Polymer money is gradually holding its grip over traditional money in Indian consumer market. Undoubtedly, the growth in use of internet and smart phones has increased the use of sophisticated apps among the Indian consumers. But on the other hand the fact remains static that in a diverse country like India the acceptability of plastic money is a real challenge among the less educated, uneducated and people with limited means of earning. Hence this paper will make an attempt to highlight usage of plastic money in India and also to know the challenges faced in the acceptability of plastic money among the IndianConsumers’.

Container terminal is a facility where from the cargo containers can be transshipped worldwide. The transshipment can be made between container ships and land vehicles at the container terminal facility. India is the major commodity exporters in this world. International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT) is playing very important role in shipping industries because exports bring in foreign revenue to the country’s exchequer. ICTT, Kochi was commissioned in 2011 with much fanfare offering big prospects and benefits to the Indian exporters. But there are some problems for the smooth functioning of the export/import process at ICTT, Vallarpardam, Kochi. The study mainly tries to find out the major problems associated with the ICTT and also the huge prospects and benefits for the Exporters. 

मानसिक स्वास्थ्य अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण एवं आवष्यक है, यह वैष्विक स्तर पर स्वस्थ शरीर का परिचायक माना जाता है। मानसिक स्वास्थ्य शरीर की स्वस्थता से कहीं अधिक अवष्यक है। मानसिक स्वास्थ्य साधारणतः समाजिक व्यवहारों में अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका का निर्वहन करता है। विचारों के आदान-प्रदान, भीतरी भावनाओं, धारणाओं, पारिवार में आचरण, मर्यादाओं तथा व्यवहारिक संयोजन के नियंत्रण का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। मानसिक रोग अत्यंत गंम्भीरतम समस्या है, तथा  अनेक रोगों की जननी है । योगानुसार यह वृत्ति की क्लिष्ट अवस्था है, जो मन के भीतर क्लिष्टता का विस्तार करती है। अपेक्षायें, आकॉक्षायें, वासनाओं की वर्जनायें, इच्छायें तथा कार्य पूर्ण न होने की दषा में तनाव का मूल कारण बन जाती है।  मानसिक रोगों की प्रक्रिया इतनी सूक्ष्म और जीवन की गहरी जड़ों तक समायी रहती है, कि इसके विकास की गति और निवारण की प्रक्रियायें, विज्ञान के लिये अभी तक रहस्यात्मक प्रतीत होती हैं। यह योग-आसन, प्राणायाम, तथा षिथलीकरण से मानसिक स्वास्थ्य प्रबंधन की सक्षमता का अध्ययन है। पारिवारिक वातावरण, वैवाहिक जीवन संबंधी तथा शारीरिक स्थिति के आधार पर, मानसिक रोग निदान का उद्वेष्य लेकर, महिलाओं में चिन्ता, तनाव, निराषा आदि की विभिन्न समस्याओं से निपटने के लिये, योगिक अवधारणाओं के परीक्षण की जिज्ञासा का कारण लेकर, स्वनिर्मित 40 बिन्दुओं की पूर्व एवं पश्च, प्रष्नावली के माध्यम से, भोपाल क्षेत्र की 20 महिलाओ का चयन कर, योगाश्री संस्था भोपाल में योगाभयास तथा सहायक अवदानों का उपयोग करते हुये एक माह का अध्ययन किया गया।  अध्ययन से संज्ञानित है कि, कुषलतम प्रयास आत्मविष्वास में वृद्वि हेतु सहायक हैं। 

भारत में भी बैंकिंग का इतिहास पुराना है। मनुस्मृति में ब्याज के बदले राशि उधार देने के पर्याप्त संकेत मिलते हैं। मौर्य काल में विनिमय पत्र, जिन्हें आदेश कहा जाता था, निर्गत किए जाते थे। बौद्ध काल में इन लिखतों का व्यापक उपयोग होता था। बड़े शहरों में व्यापारी एक दूसरे के लिए साख पत्र निर्गत करते थे। लोग अपनी बचत राशि को इन महाजनों के पास जमा करते थे तथा जमा राशि पर महाजन को ब्याज भी देते थे। महाजन धनराशि को उधार देते थे तथा उधार दी हुई राशि पर ब्याज वसूल करते थे। मुगल सम्राटों ने महाजनों और साहूकारों को कर वसूली के अधिकार दिए थे। आधुनिक बैंकों के आगमन के पहले महाजन बैंकिंग का काम करते थे। इस तरह हम देखते हैं कि भारतवर्ष में बैंकिंग प्रथा बहुत लम्बे समय से प्रचलित रही है। अंग्रेजों के आने तक भारत में देशी बैंकिंग व्यवस्था चलती रही। जैसे-जैसे ईस्ट इण्डिया कम्पनी का प्रभाव देश पर बढ़ने लगा, यह व्यवस्था टूटने लगी। ईस्ट इण्डिया कम्पनी ने अपने अभिकर्ता गृह की स्थापना की। भारत में आधुनिक बैंकिंग व्यवस्था इन्हीं अभिकर्ता गृहों से आय होती है। ये गृह अपनी अन्य व्यवस्थाओं के साथ-साथ जमाराशि स्वीकार करते थे तथा व्यापारिक एवं औद्योगिक आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करते थे।

सर्वशिक्षा अभियान का उद्देश्य 6-14 आयु वर्ग के सभी बच्चों को गुणवत्ता पूर्ण शिक्षा उपलब्ध कराना है। वर्तमान में शिक्षा, शिक्षण एवं शैक्षणिक प्रक्रिया को सरल प्रभावी एवं रोचक बनाना शिक्षा का मुख्य उद्देश्य है। प्रत्येक बच्चे को गुणवत्तापूर्ण शिक्षा मिले इसके लिये शासकीय स्तर पर कई प्रावधान किये गये हैं। वर्ष 2002 में संसद द्वारा पारित 26वां संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम 6-14 वर्ष आयु वर्ग के सभी बच्चों को निःशुल्क व अनिवार्य शिक्षा पाने का मौलिक अधिकार प्रदान करता है। संविधान में निहित शिक्षा के इस अधिकार को लागू करने के लिये निःशुल्क और अनिवार्य बाल शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम 2009 बनाया गया है। यह अधिनियम 1 अप्रैल 2010 से लागू हो गया है। मध्यप्रदेश में सरकार ने इस अधिनियम की धारा 38 की उपधारा (1) तथा (2) द्वारा प्रदत्त शक्तियों को प्रयोग में लाते हुए, नियम बनाए हैं और ये नियम 26 मार्च 2011 को राजपत्र में प्रकाशित कर दिये गये हैं। इन नियमों में 20 जुलाई 2011 को आंशिक संशोधन किया गया है औेर अब ये प्रदेश में लागू हो गये हैं। बच्चों की शिक्षा में उनके माता-पिता और समुदाय की महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका है। शाला प्रबंधन में पालकों और समुदाय की सहभागिता को सुनिश्चित करते हुए प्रत्येक शासकीय और अनुदान प्राप्त शाला में शाला प्रबंधन समिति का गठन किया गया है। समुदाय आधारित शाला प्रबंधन समिति शाला में संचालित होने वाली समस्त शैक्षणिक अकादमिक, प्रबंधन व रखरखाव गतिविधियों की देखरेख करने के साथ ही शाला व्यवस्था के सुचारू संचालन के लिए उत्तरदायी है। निःशुल्क एवं अनिवार्य बाल शिक्षा का अधिकार अधिनियम 2009 के अध्याय 4 ’स्कूल एवं शिक्षकों के उत्तरदायित्व’ के अतंर्गत धारा 21 एवं 22 में शाला प्रबंधन समिति के गठन एवं उसके उत्तरदायित्वों के विषय में वर्णन किया गया है। वर्तमान मे प्रदेश की शासकीय प्राथमिक शालाओं में 83890 तथा माध्यमिक शालाओं में 30341 शाला प्रबंधन समितियां कार्यरत है।

गोहत्या प्रतिशेध हेतु आवश्यक विधिक उपायों के विरूद्ध आज भारत में अनेक स्वर मुखर हैं। वस्तुतः संवैधानिक निर्देशो को अग्रसारित करने वाले मौजूदा प्रयासों का तात्कालिक लक्ष्य जहां विधायन के माध्यम से लोकनीति को, जिसमें हिंसा का अतिसीमित स्थान है, अग्रसर करना है वहीं इसका एक विशद सांस्कृतिक पक्ष भी है। अपनी सुस्थिर गति में प्रतिगामी सामाजिक विचलन के लक्षणों का समाज विविध उपायों के माध्यम से प्रतिकार करता है। यह संघर्ष एक ऐतिहासिक तथ्य है और इसकी सम्पूर्ण यात्रा में रेखांकित हुआ है। प्रस्तुत अध्ययन ऐसे सूत्रों के उद्घाटन का एक प्रयास है जो अतीत से अपनी यात्रा आरम्भ कर वर्तमान में विधायनों और न्यायिक विवेचनाओं में सूत्रबद्ध भी हुए हैं। इसका उद्देश्य इस संभावना की खोज करना है कि क्या हम भारत की विगत यात्रा का पुनरावलोकन कर मौजूदा दृष्टिगोचर उथल पुथल के थम जाने की आशा कर सकते हैं और यदि हां, तो उपाय क्या हो सकते है?

प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में ग्रामीण एवं शहरी ताइक्वांडो खिलाड़ियों के समायोजन का अध्ययन किया गया। इस शोध कार्य में हमनें माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यालयों से 50 विद्यार्थियों को न्यादर्श के रूप में चुना है। जिसमें 25 ग्रामीण एवं 25 शहरी खिलाड़ी विद्यार्थियों का समूह है। आँकड़ों के संकलन के लिए उपकरण के रूप में समायोजन मापन के लिए डॉ. आर.के. ओझा द्वारा निर्मित (Bell’s Adjustment Inventory) समायोजन प्रश्नावली का प्रयोग किया। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य से हमें यह निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुआ है कि शहरी ताइक्वांडो खिलाड़ियों का गृह समायोजन, सामाजिक समायोजन एवं संवेगात्मक समायोजन ग्रामीण खिलाड़ियों की अपेक्षा अच्छा होता है एवं ग्रामीण ताइक्वांडो खिलाड़ियों का स्वास्थ्य समायोजन शहरी खिलाड़ियों की अपेक्षा अच्छा होता है। शोधकार्य से यह परिणाम प्राप्त हुए हैं कि ग्रामीण ताइक्वांडो खिलाड़ियों के परिवार, प्रशिक्षक, शासन एवं खेल प्रबन्धन को खिलाड़ी के बेहतर समायोजन के लिए प्रयास करना चाहिए।

भोपाल शहर के शारीरिक शिक्षा महाविद्यालयों में विद्यार्थियों की दी जाने वाली खेल सुविधाओं एवं खेल उपलब्धि का मूल्यांकन किया गया, जिसमें सर्वेक्षण विधि का उपयोग किया गया। न्यादर्श के रुप में 90 शिक्षकों का चयन किया गया। निष्कर्ष में विद्यार्थियों की दी जाने वाली खेल सुविधाएं संतोषजनक नहीं पायी गयी एवं उपलब्धि का स्तर निम्न पाया गया।

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यार्थियों के व्यक्तित्व का अध्ययन किया गया। इस शोध कार्य में हमने भिन्ड शहर के 6 विद्यालयों से 60 विद्यार्थियो को न्यादर्श के रूप में चुना है। जिसमें 30 शासकीय विद्यालय तथा 30 अशासकीय विद्यालय के विद्यार्थी है। आंकड़ों के सकंलन के लिए उपकरण के रूप में डॉ. अशोक शर्मा एवं डॉ. मीनू अग्रवाल का व्यक्तित्व मापनी का प्रयोग किया गया। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य से हमें यह निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुआ है कि शासकीय एवं अशासकीय विद्यालय के विद्यार्थियों के व्यक्तित्व मे सार्थक अन्तर होता है। तथा शासकीय एवं अशासकीय विद्यालय के बालकों एवं बालिकाओं के व्यक्तित्व मे भी सार्थक अन्तर होता है। इससे यह परिणाम प्राप्त होता है। कि शिक्षण संस्थानों की जिम्मेदारी होती है कि वह विद्यार्थियों के सम्पूर्ण व्यक्तित्व को प्रभावशाली बनाए तथा विद्यार्थियों के बाह्य एवं आंतरिक गुणों का सामने लाए। शासकीय विद्यालयों के विद्यार्थियों का व्यक्तित्व अधिक प्रभावशाली होता है। क्यूंकि विद्यार्थियों को अशासकीय विद्यालयों में नई तकनीकी, प्रभावशाली शिक्षण पद्धति एवं विद्यार्थी केन्द्रित शिक्षण दिया जाता है। जिससे उनकी छुपी प्रतिभा बाहर आती है तथा उनके व्यक्तित्व को प्रभावशाली बनाती है।

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यार्थियों के आत्मविश्वास एवं शैक्षिक उपलब्धि के मध्य सहसम्बन्ध का अध्ययन किया गया। प्रस्तुत अनुसंधान के लिये अनुसंधानकर्ता द्वारा न्यादर्श के चयन के लिये यादृच्छिक न्यादर्श विधि का चयन किया गया। न्यादर्श के रूप में भिण्ड के उच्च माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यालयों से 40 विद्यार्थियों को अनुसंधान कार्य के लिये चुना गया है। जिसमें 20 छात्र एवं 20 छात्राएँ है। शोध कार्य में आंकडों के संकलन के लिए सर्वेक्षण विधि का प्रयोग किया हैं एवं आंकड़ों के सकलन के लिए उपकरण के रूप में रेखा गुप्ता का आत्मविश्वास एवं शैक्षिक उपलब्धि मापन के लिए शैक्षिक रिकार्ड का प्रयोग किया गया। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य से हमें यह निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुआ है कि उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के छात्र एवं छात्राओं के शैक्षिक उपलब्धि एव आत्मविश्वास में सार्थक अंतर होता है। उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के आत्मविश्वास एवं शैक्षिक उपलब्धि मेंसार्थक सहसम्बध होता है। इससे यह परिणाम प्राप्त होता है। कि अच्छे आत्मविश्वास से विधार्थियो की शैक्षणिक उपलब्धि बढेगी तथा उनमें घर समाज एवं विद्यालयो में विधार्थी का सकारात्मक दृष्टिकोण बढेगा शैक्षणिक उपलब्धि का स्तर उच्च होने से देश भी उन्नत होगा क्योकि आज के विधार्थी कल का भविष्य हैं।

पूर्वी राजस्थान में गांधीयुग में जन-चेतना का उदय तथा जनसहभागिता का ऐतिहासिक दृष्टि से विशिष्ट स्थान है। इन रियासतों में राजशाही थी। ब्रिटिश आगमन के पश्चात् ये राज्य सहायक संधियों के माध्यम से ब्रिटिश सत्ता के प्रत्यक्ष प्रभाव में आ गये। इस प्रकार यहां ‘दोहरी दासतां’ का युग प्रारंभ हुआ। 19वीं शताब्दी में प्रारंभ हुए नीतिगत परिवर्तनों ने 20वीं शताब्दी में औपनिवेशिक शासन के वास्तविक मन्तव्यों को पूर्वी राजस्थान में प्रकट किया। इन मन्तव्यों के प्रकट होने पर पूर्वी राजस्थान में जनसाधारण वर्ग में, जनसंगठनों के माध्यम से व्यापक जन सैलाब का उमड़ना तथा राष्ट्रीय, क्षेत्रीय, अन्तरक्षेत्रीय तथा स्थानीय मुद्दों पर जनसहमति का बनना, जन की भागीदारी तथा जन आक्रोश की अभिव्यक्ति आदि आरम्भ हुई। फलस्वरूप ब्रिटिश शासन के खीलाफ सामाजिक चेतना की अनुगंज सुनाई दी। जन चेतना एवं जन सभागिता से दलितोद्धार एवं दलित चेतना का विकास हुआ।

भूमंडलीकरण के इस युग में साहित्य और साहित्यकार की भूमिका बढ़ जाती है। वर्तमान में जब प्रतिस्पर्धा, व्यक्तिगत होड़ और वंर्चस्व की लड़ाई जोरों पर है तब साहित्य का दायित्व गहरा हो जाता है। व्यापक मीडिया प्रचार-प्रसार सूचना क्रांति हाईटेक जीवन शैली, घराना संस्कृति आज आधुनिकता का पर्याय बन गयी है। इन सब परिवर्तनों में ‘मानवइंसान’व्यक्ति कहीं लृप्त सा होकर हाशिये पर आ गया है। प्रश्न यह उठता है कि क्या ये स्थिति वर्तमान की देन है। तो ऐसा नहीं है बल्कि लक्ष्मी और सरस्वती के मध्य, अधिकार और कत्र्तव्यों के बीच, शोषक और शोषित के मध्य धनी और निर्धन के बीच, गहरी रेखा हर युग में स्पष्ट दिखाई दी है। हमारा साहित्य इस बात का गवाह है कि सदियों से समाज में अधिकारों के प्रति मानव का स्वर मुखर हुआ है।गीता, रामायण, महाभारत से लेख आधुनिक साहित्य तक में मानवाधिकारों के प्रति चेतना का स्वर दिखाई देती है।

वरिष्ठ साहित्यकार श्री परशुराम शुक्ल के आलेख, कहानियाँ व कवितायेँ भारत की छोटी-बड़ी प्रतिष्ठान बाल पत्रिकाओं में समय-समय पर प्रकाशित होती हैं

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन का उद्देश्य प्राथमित विद्यालयों में बालक एवं बालिकाओं की अपव्यय एवं अवरोधन की समस्याओं का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन करना है

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में स्नातक स्तर के विद्यार्थियों की अध्ययन आदतों पर सोशल नेटवर्किंग साईट से पड़ने वाले प्रभावों का अध्ययन किया गया

शिक्षा रोशनी का जरिया है बिना शिक्षा के व्यक्ति अँधा होता है एसी स्थिति में उसके आस-पास के छेत्र में जो सीमित जानकारियाँ होती हैं, व्यक्ति वहीँ घूमता रहता है

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन का उद्देश्य शिक्षक छात्र अन्त: क्रिया का विद्यार्थी की अधिगम क्षमता एवं उपलब्धि पर पड़ने वाले प्रभाव पर किये गए विभिन्न का अध्ययन करना है

प्राचीन काल में जजमानी प्रथा आत्मनिर्भर ग्रामीण अर्थव्यवस्था रही है, यह इसमें विभिन्न आवश्यकताओं यथा वस्तु, उत्पाद, सेवा आदि की पूर्ति विनिमय के माध्यम से की जाती थी

The present study focuses to gather various views regarding work life balance especially in relation of working women. The research is mainly based on secondary data. This research paper is describing the details and contents of various researches have already performed on the subject.

What does quality means in the context of education? Do the faculty as well as students of the present day understand the real meaning of Quality with the existing complex system of education or for them it’s simply a Job. We boast of our young brains. Have we ever analyzed our learning curves? India could not make it to any significant headway in the worlds ranking of its institutions as per the reports of The Times Higher World University ranking 2015-16. Through this paper the authors have tried to identify the few factors contributing to law Quality in Education. A survey was conducted to identify the level of agreement by students as well as teachers of our institution in this regard. The same elements identified were utilized to find the opinion from teachers as well students.

The present research article intends to gather various views and researches carried out in the area of Skill initiatives and the steps to impart vocational education in Indian context. The research is mainly secondary in nature and the article is describing the details and contents of what all the researches have performed on the subject.

Globalization has now become a reality and is here to stay and rule the future economies and lives of people across the globe. The new economic policies that emerged in the wake of liberalized markets have driven the states away from its constitutional mandate of welfare and social justice. Social justice has become the first casualty of globalization. During 18th century imperialism had a physical form. Today the imperialism manifests itself in different guise. That is the international financial institutions exercise control over poorer ones in a more subtle way, through the instrument of economic policies.

Information Science is an Interdisciplinary domain responsible for several information and technological activities. Information Science is a broader field dedicated to the academic activities along with information and technological job. Fundamentally information science is responsible for several jobs like collection, selection, processing, organization, management and dissemination. These are the internal and core job of information science. However it is today majorly responsible for some other activities like information system analysis, designing and development, it has several stakeholders out of which information, computing, technology, users are considered as most valuable. This paper is talks about information science; emphasizing its application and utilization in today’s age. The stakeholder gradients in information science are increasing day by day. This paper is about information and its value also.

Even though the true potential of the tourism sector not only as a revenue generator to the country but also as a major employment generator , has been recognized by different sections of the society ,the necessary measures to remedy this situation fall short of expectation. The scenario can be remedied by initiating certain measures. Creating a better infrastructure, communicating right information, utilization of existing resources and creating a secure environment are expected from the government. Developing a sense of responsibility to behave nice with tourists and encourage them to revisit the rich cultural heritage is crucial. The importance of tourism though being realized by various states has still not created the will that can really make them realize the potential. Chhattisgarh state in the central part of India is one such state that can do a lot with its tourism potential but still it is lagging behind. The present study has been carried out to underscore what the state’s potential in tourism sector and how to enable it to achieve it.

Recent advancements in technology have facilitated e-commerce around the globe. The online medium of e-commerce has provided and will continue to provide great opportunities for consumers and business. Research has shown growth in the interest o f consumer in online shopping from 40% in the year 2012 to 78% in the year 2014 in the online shopping behaviour. Online shopping is now-a-days preferred because o f better prices they offer, the convenience they provide because o f shopping on our leisure, variety ofproducts offered at one place, fewer traps as in the traditional shopping where the salesperson try to lure the customer to buy the product but in online shopping they '11 lure the customers with offers but not pressurize them. Ixistly customers privacy is valued in online shopping which is difficult in shopping offline. It is yet to be fully understood what more factors influence online shopping decision process. The Traditional shopping also has its pros like the feel-and-touch the products, face to face interaction with the salesperson, trying out o f your outfit before buying and many other reasons to shop offline. The objective o f this study is to provide an overview of online shopping decision process by comparing the offline and online decision making and identifying the factors that motivate online customers to decide or not to decide to buy online. The approach is used to find out whai is different product a consumer buys and what is the most preferred and searched one. The research will also investigate the sources that attract consumer to prefer shopping online. The results also indicate that those attracted to purchase online perceive significantly lower channel risk, search effort, evaluation effort, and waiting (delivery) time online than offline and express significantly higher price search intentions online than offline. Although consumers attracted to offline channels also perceive lower search cost and higher price search intentions online than offline, their perceived online search effort and price search intentions are significantly lower than those attracted to online channels It also suggests that demographics might not be effective bases for market segmentation. This study attempts to prcn’ide an exhaustive review on consumer behaviour o f shopping online v/s offline.

Literacy and level of education are basic indicators of the level of development achieved by a society. Spread of literacy is generally associated with important traits of modern civilization such as modernization, urbanization, industrialization, communication and commerce. Literacy is one of the great challenges in the developing world. But universal education is an unattainable dream for those who lack access to quality educational resources. Worse, many of them do not attend due to their need to work for the family in the agricultural fields or households. Although Literacy forms an important input in overall development of individuals enabling them to comprehend their social, political and cultural environment better and respond to it appropriately. This paper reports on this summative change in rural learning assessment. While we found learning across the board, higher levels of education and literacy lead to a greater awareness and also contributes in improvement of economic and social conditions. It acts as a catalyst for social upliftment enhancing the returns on investment made in almost every aspect of development effort, be it population control, health, hygiene, environmental degradation control, employment of weaker sections of the society.

Are women of contemporary period suffer from identify crisis, financial dependence, lack of decision making, non recognition of their effort in the world of highly competitive and materialistic populace. A woman plays crucial roles in her life time be it as a daughter, Sister, Wife, Mother or as an individual. Is this world worth crying for? We have tried to find answer to these questions through study made in detail comparing the female protagonist of Kamala Markandaya and Anita Desai, renowed novelists of contemporary age.

India is considered to be a welfare state where system provides many provisions in various acts and laws to assure social security and prohibit exploitation. Preamble of Indian constitution clearly assures to citizens justice, social economic and political which implees that all types of insecurities should be abolished. Although, nowhere exploitation has been defined properly in Indian laws but article 23 and 24 of the India constitution give meaning of exploitation. Article 23 (1); traffic of human being begar and other similar forms of forced labour shall be an Offence punishable in accordance to law. Article 24 (1) is no children below the age of fourteen years of age shall be engaged in any hazardous employment.

A well developed financial sector forms the core of a stable and progressive economy. Irrespective of the development stature it is indispensable for all types of economies. The strategic move of librealisation has caused far reaching impacts on Indian financial sector. The extent of expansion and diversification in financial services clearly indicates this paradigm shift. However, the main thrust is on best adaptation to these forces, both, at national and international, level through sound policy framework to derive optimum benefits. In present times, financial service sector has become very vast in its scope and function. Therefore, for the purpose of carrying out this study, it has been specifically narrowed down to Indian Commercial Banking sector. Since banking sector forms the core of organized financial sector. The phenomenon of integration of financial markets has lead to emergence of Global Financial Markets, which in turn, has opened up vast avenues for banks. A radical change in operations, expansion and orientation of banks is clearly visible over the years. However, opportunities of this type are coupled with its own unique challenges, which call for policy prudence to safeguard the interest of people, stability of the financial sector and economy as a whole. Here, in this paper we strive to find the extent to which factors underlying financial stability of Indian Commercial Banks (both public and private sector) have been explored and the scope of further exploration that lies ahead under this topic.

Internet and smart phone have brought radical changes in the consumer life. Right from clothes, books, electronic gadgets, and even food are being ordered online. It is estimated that food service market in India which was U. S. $13 billion in 2013 is likely to grow to US$78 billion by 2018. This figure shows a huge potential in the industry as there is huge gap between the demand and supply. Foodpanda is one of such companies that use mobile apps to cater to its customers’ need of the cooked food. However they face number of challenges in terms of maintaining consistency, service quality and cost effectiveness to compete in such an open but yet lucrative market.

Now a days face book is the buzzword for socio-media user mostly everywhere as growing by internet user from metro to urban and rural area where we are take a initiative to know how many users are using facebook in a fifty thousand population area, and we are not rushed any where we spent only 7days and 7hours for this purpose. As because the proper and peculiar data which we can collect in primary level in common standard it can reach and touch all types of people where the number magical figure is like 93-37-21 this numerical figures are not also perfect ratio as these number, and within this period in a 7days-7hours (each day one hour) we spend. As with the facebook other social media users are also there to catch as Whats-app, Google+, hi, etc.

Expansion & growth have always been corporate’starget area.To achieve this target corporate work on various ways and means, M&A’s (Mergers and Acquisitions) are a few of such means to attain both the objectives by many firms in varied sectors. The present study aims to assess the effect on financial performance of the companiesthat have done acquisitions in the financial year 2004-2005 by comparing before and after M&A Return on Assets (ROA) ratio as per Du Pont framework.

एक अध्यापक चाहे वह किसी भी निजी या सार्वजनिक स्कूल की शिक्षा से संबंधित रहा हो, किसी ना किसी रूप से शारीरिक  रूप से अक्षम विद्यार्थियों के संपर्क अवष्य रहा होगा, विकलांग विद्यार्थी के समक्ष अनेक सामाजिक समस्याए आती है जिनका प्रभाव उसके अध्ययन पर पड़ता है। इन समस्याओं को यदि समय रहते ध्यान देकर हल किया जाय तो विद्यार्थी सामान्य विद्यार्थियों की भांति अध्ययन कर सार्थक रूप से जीवन जी सकता है। 

हिन्दी हमारी शब्दभाषा के रूप में पूरे भारत में प्रचलित एवं मान्य भाषा है | देश स्वतंत्र होते ही राष्ट्र भाषा के रूप में हिन्दी को हमने अपनाया है | हिन्दी भाषा पूरे भारत और भारत के सविधान की “जान मान और शान है”, मानो एक प्रकार से हिन्दी पूरे भारत का दिल है | यह भारत का गौरव है, हिन्दी भाषा का विकास देश का विकास है आज हिन्दी के नियम मान्यताओं से प्रमाणित है व महान् देश के अनेक कवि और सरकारों ने हिन्दी भाषा को सर्वप्रथम प्राथमिकता दी और इसे अपनाया | हिन्दी साहित्य में आज तक हिन्दी कवि सूरदास, बिहारी, प्रेमचन्द, अज्ञेय, डॉ. रामचन्द्र शुक्ल, माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी, सुमित्रानंन्दन पंत, सूर्यकान्त त्रिपाठी निराला, धर्मवीर भारती आदि कवियों ने हिन्दी भाषा को अपनाया और प्रचार-प्रसार किया है |  “महान् कवियों ने हिन्दी भाषा को अपना राष्ट्र रुपी धर्म कर्तव्य माना है और इसी हिन्दी भाषा से अपनी कहानी, उपन्यास, गद्य-पद्य, काव्य, विद्या सागर, साहित्य सागर का विकास किया है |  यह इस बात का सूचक है कि हिन्दी भाषा द्वारा जागरूकता भाव उत्पन्न होता है |

प्रेषक द्वारा प्राप्तकर्ता को सूचना की प्रक्रिया को संचार कहते है जिसमे जानकारी पहुँचाने के लिए ऐसे माध्यम (Medium) का प्रयोग किया जाता है जिससे संप्रेषित सूचना प्रेषक और प्राप्तकर्ता दोनों समझ सकें | यह एक ऐसी प्रक्रिया है जिसके द्वारा प्राणी विभिन्न माध्यमों के द्वारा सूचना का आदान-प्रदान करता है | संचार की मांग है कि सभी पक्षों को एक समान भाषा का बोध हो जिसमें कि सूचना का आदान-प्रदान हुआ हो | जनसंचार(Mass communication) से तात्पर्य उन सभी साधनों से है जो एक साथ बहुत बड़ी जनसंख्या  के साथ संचार सम्बन्ध स्थापित करने में सहायक होते है | प्राय: इसका अर्थ सम्मिलित रूप से समाचार पत्र, पत्रिकाएँ, रेडियो, दूरदर्शन, चलचित्र से लिया जाता है जो समाचार एवं विज्ञापन दोनों के प्रसारण के लिये प्रयुक्त होते है | वर्तमान में भूमंडलीकरण के इस युग में इन्टरनेट के माध्यम से भी सूचनाओं का लोकव्यापीकरण  हुआ है और इसे भी जनसंचार के प्रकार के रूप में देखा जाने लगा है | जनसम्पर्क का अर्थ बड़ा ही व्यापक और प्रभावकारी है | लोकतंत्र के आधार पर स्थापित लोकसत्ता के परिचालन के लिए ही नहीं बल्कि राजतंत्र और अधिनायकतंत्र के सफल संचालन के लिए भी जनसंपर्क आवश्यक माना जाता है | कृषि. उद्योग, व्यापार, जनसेवा और लोकरुचि के विस्तार तथा परिष्कार के लिए भी लोकसंपर्क की आवश्यकता है | जनसंपर्क का शाब्दिक अर्थ है जनसाधारण से अधिकाधिक निकट संबंध |

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visualization of a Digital India will change our nation and build prospects for all citizens by developing digital technologies. His vision is to empower every citizen with access to digital services, knowledge and information but it is a long journey to go. Digital India means connecting India via internet. The government needs to take care of the smallest details of the program. There has to flawless harmonization between different departments in order to successfully implement the project, which is yet another complex task. This paper examines the concept of Digital India with regards to its expansion to administration and other new areas of citizen services. It also points out the various convolutions related to lack of digital awareness, shortage of required communication and information technology infrastructure in our country. The paper also states some practical and workable solutions for the stated problems. The paper is based on secondary data. The research will be qualitative and Problem oriented.

A corporate is also creates, for the individual and for the society, the path for ever growing prosperity, equality and eternal peace soaked in enlightened unselfishness as the way to Godhood. Good governance has been an eternal source of inspired thinking and dedicated action. Modern business corporations share many of their features with democratically elected governments. Boards of companies need not be uniform with respect to their composition, thinking styles and functioning methodologies. Their strength lies in their diversity.

Mass Media and travel agencies have coined a term Medical tourism; it is becoming a popular choice for tourist across the world. In current scenario developing countries like India, Thailand, Malaysia, etc are making focused effort to promote medical tourism. India is enjoying competitive advantage in healthcare segment by its low cost advantage. The key concerns facing the Indian medical tourism industry include: limited government initiative, lack of integrated effort to promote the industry, lack of promotion and the lack of uniform pricing policies and standards across hospitals. Recent years have seen an “explosion” in the abilities of neuromarketing in developing effective advertisement campaign. Unfortunately, it is little known and reported on how advertising companies make more effective healthcare tourism commercials. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how neuromarketing techniques may impact the consumer response to Indian Medical Tourism advertising campaigns. The result shows that using neuromarketing methods an Indian healthcare company can better understand the conscious and unconscious consumer’s thoughts and tailor specific marketing messages. . Finally, this paper analyses and concludes the main factors, affecting the consumer behavior and why the developing country like India should focus these factors to attract foreign tourists for the medical treatment.

The present study aims to know the actual status of working women in different field of IT and Ites industries. With this, we can analyze the problems has been facing by working women whether it is physically or mentally at all. Also there are some suggestions provided to cope up the stress and work energizing for working women from organization end. Some personal suggestions given for working mother to de-stress and to handle their personal as well as professional commitments simultaneously.

वर्तमान समय में अतिमहत्वकांक्षा और भौतिकता की अधिकता ने मनुष्य को मूल्यों के धरातल पर किस प्रकार धराशायी कर डाला है | यह आज परिवार एवं समाज में व्याप्त विकृतियों पर द्रिस्तिपात करते ही गहन चिंतन में डाल देने हेतु विवश करता है | परिवार रुपी संस्था जो कभी मूल्यों एवं आदर्शों की प्रथम पाठशाला हुआ करती थी, रात्रि विश्राम की मात्र एक सराय बनती जा रही है | ईट और गेरू से बनी दीवारों में जीवन मूल्यों के दम घुटने की आह साफ दिखाई दे रही है | जहाँ पहले प्रेम दया करुणा रुपी संवेदनाओं के साथ वट वृक्ष रुपी वृद्वों का नेह ओ स्नेह बरसता था | आज वह सिर्फ अहम या हमारे लोभ के दायरे में सिमटता नजर अत है, साथ ही बच्चों की परवरिश के एवं व्यक्तित्व विकास के रूप में इलेक्ट्रॅानिक साधनों एवं नौकरों चाकरों का सहयोग पर्याप्त माना जो रहा है, जिससे घरेलू हिंसा एवं अपराधों की श्रेणी में भी इजाफा हुआ है | इनसे प्राप्त परवरिश एवं ज्ञान को लेकर जब युवा होता बालक समाज रुपी धरातल पर उतरता है, तो उसकी व्यावहारिकता का दायरा अत्यन्त ही संकुचित होता है, जिसमें संवेदनाओं का पानी सुख चुका होता है एवं एक प्रतिस्पर्धा का मस्तिष्क कार्य कर रहा होता है, जहाँ मूल्यों एवं विचारों के स्तंभ नहीं होते जिसकी नींव पर खड़ा युवा भ्रामक रास्तों एवं विकृत मानसिकताओं की दीमक की गिरफ्त में शीघ्र ही आ जाता है, जो न सिर्फ समाज को दूषित करता हैं | अपितु समस्त युवा वर्ग एवं भविष्य को भी खतरे में डालता है | अतः आज इस बात की महति आवश्यकता है की भारतीय संस्कृति एवं मूल्य चेतना को पुनः जागृत किया जाये, जिससे भारत के गौरव, मूल्यों एवं संस्कृति को बनाये रखा जा सके |

आमजन की यथार्थमय भावयुक्त चेतना से तात्पर्य उन रचनाओं से है जो सामाजिक जन के हृदय को समझे, उसे वास्तविक स्थिति से अवगत कराये और उसे प्रेरित करे | इस भावना को गति देने के आशय से सन् 1936 में मुंशी प्रेमचन्द के सभापतित्व  में भारतीय प्रगतिशील लेखक संघ के आयोजन से यह भाव एक विशेष रूप में, विश्व साहित्य के नए विचारों के सन्दर्भ में ‘प्रगतिवाद’ के नाम से शुरू हुआ | इसकी मूल शुरुआत भले ही सन् 1917 की रुसी क्रान्ति से मान्य हुई हो, परन्तु इसकी पृष्ठभूमि में इसकी चिन्तन सरणी नयेपन, नये सामाजिक यथार्थ भाव में रही है | संतोष चौबे की रचनायें इसी सामाजिक यथार्थ की सूचक हैं | श्री चौबे का रचना सृजन इन्ही काव्य सिद्धान्तों और मान्यताओं से सम्बद्ध हैं जिसे उन्होंने समझा और जिया, फिर रचनायें रची | यही मुख्य भाव संतोष चौबे की रचनाओं के मुख्य लेखन एवं चिंतन के पक्ष हैं | अतः “प्रभू मूरत देखी तिन्ह तैसी” भाव के अनुरूप कवियों में यथार्थवाद अनेक रूपों में दर्शित है, जैसे-यथार्थवाद, विशुद्ध-यथार्थवाद, सामाजवादी-यथार्थवा, आदर्शोन्मुखी-यथार्थवाद, प्रगतिवादी-यथार्थवाद, जनवादी-यथार्थवाद, अति-यथार्थवाद, प्रगतिवाद आदि | इन सबका मिला जुला विशेष रूप प्रगतिशील काव्य धारा है | संतोष चौबे की रचनायें इनमें से किस वाद अथवा धारा की पक्षधर और मान्यताये लिए हुए है, यह विचारणीय है | अंत में कवि संतोष चौबे के शब्दों में – “मगर एक बात है/ आदमी अच्छे हैं/ कभी-कभी लगता है सच्चे है |”

भारतीय समाज में कई ऐसे संत हुए है, जिन्होंने भारत की सामाजिक चेतना को पूर्णत: प्रभावित किया है | तथा उन्हें मनोकूल दिशा दी है | इन्ही संतों ने समाज में नेतृत्वकारी भूमिका अदा की | प्राचीन समय में जहाँ सामती लोग सामाजिक जीवन के सारत्व को उजागर कर रहे थे, वहीं दूसरी ओर इसका विरोध करते हुए संतो का भक्ति आन्दोलन पूरी तरह मुखरित हुआ | तुलसीदास जी का अंतिम सरोकार केवल लोक-कल्याण रहा और इसी लोक कल्याण के लिए उन्होंने सामाजिक आचार-विचार की प्रतिष्ठा को आवश्यक माना | तुलसीदास जी एक ऐसे संत थे, जिनकी रचनायें. व्यक्ति व समाज दोनों का कल्याण करने वाली है | तुलसीदास जी ने परम्परागत भारतीय समाज व्यवस्थाओं की सीमाओं में ही अपने युग की समस्याओं के समाधान दिये है | वर्तमान में भी उनके विचारों को साथ लेकर वर्गों की सामजिक मर्यादा, के साथ समाज में रहकर स्वार्थगत् संघर्षों को छोड़कर समाज को उन्नत बनाने की आवश्यकता है | तुलसीदास जी ने विभिन्न लोक विश्वासों व लोक आदर्शों को ध्यान में रखकर परम्परागत भारतीय समाज की स्थापना की | तुलसीदास जी द्वारा व्यक्ति के उच्च संस्कारों व आदर्शों को सापेक्षित श्रेष्ठता के साथ प्रतिपादित किया गया | वर्तमान में भी तुलसीदास जी हमारे समाज को अपने विचारों ओ साहित्य से प्रकाशित कर रहे है, व समाज में उनका स्थान अद्वितीय है |

स्वतंत्रता प्राप्ति के बाद भारतीय महिलाओं की स्थिति में उत्तरोत्तर प्रगति हुई है | महिलाओं की जीवन प्रत्याशा में वृद्धि हुई है | गर्भवती  महिलओं की मृत्युदर घटकर आधी हो गई है, महिला साछरता दर में वृद्धि हुई है, आर्थिक गतिविधियों में महिलाओं की संलग्नता बढ़ी है, व्यवसायी महिला की पारिश्रमिक में वृद्धि हुई है, लिंग समानता में भी कुछ वृद्धि अंकित की गयी है | महिलाओं की दशा में इस प्रकार सुधार के लिए सरकार की महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका से इंकार नहीं किया जा सकता है | सरकार महिला कल्याण कार्यों को स्वयंसेवी संगठनों के माध्यम से संचालित करती है | अतः इस छेत्र में स्वयंसेवी संगठनों की भूमिका भी सराहनीय एवं उत्साहवर्द्धक रही है |

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र म.प्र के प्रमुख सहकारी बैंकों में से एक इन्दौर क्लाथ मार्केट को. आपरेटिव्ह बैंक लि. इन्दौर की प्रगति, चुनौतियां के साथ सहकारी बैंकों के भविष्य हेतु सुझाव भी प्रस्तुत करता है |

आधुनिक युग में कहानीकारों एवं उनकी कहानियों की दृष्टी समांजस्य भाववादी अधिक है | कुछ कहानीकार आधुनिक मनोविज्ञान से प्रभावित होकर मनुष्य के आंतरिक जगत के चित्रण की ओर उन्मुख हुए है | इन कहानीकारों ने मानव मन की गुत्थियों का सूक्ष्म उद्घाटन किया है | कुछ भौतिकवादी दर्शन से प्रभावित होकर वर्ग संघर्ष का चित्रण करते हुए साम्यवादी विचारों का पोषण करते हैं | कुछ कहानीकारों ने काम-वासना को मूल प्रवृत्ति स्वीकारते हुए मनुष्य की क्रियाओं और उसकी विकृतियों का चित्रण किया है | इससे हटकर भगवतीप्रसाद वाजपेयी के कथा साहित्य के शिल्प के द्वारा सामाजिक, राजनैतिक, धार्मिक और आर्थिक परिस्थितियों का सामंजस्य भाववादी चित्रण उन्होंने किया है | उनकी सूक्ष्म दृष्टि विभिन्न सामाजिक परिस्थितियों का समांजस्यपूर्ण चित्रण और वर्णन उपस्थित करते हैं | बकौल डॉ. रमेश सक्सेना इसमें सामाजिक रीतिरिवाज, व्यक्तिगत वेशभूषा और स्थानीय विशेषताओं का समांजस्यपूर्ण चित्रण होता है एवं दूसरे प्राकृतिक के अन्तर्गत प्रकृति का विभिन्न प्रकार के चित्रण भी इसी भाव से होते हैं | कभी-कभी प्रकृति मानव भावनाओं के रंग से रंगी हुई चित्रित होती है, कभी वह विपरीत आचरण करती है और कभी वह मानव समाज को प्रेरणा प्रदान करती है | इस प्रकार सामंजस्यवादी वातावरण और देशकाल वाजपेयी की कहानियों का एक अवश्यक तत्व है | इनका चित्रण भी संतुलित और सानुपातिक ढंग से किया है | देशकाल का चित्रण सदैव कथानक के स्पष्टीकरण एवं चरित्र विकास का साधन होना चाहिए | अवश्यक वर्णनों से कहानियों के कथानक  का प्रवाह और सामंजस्यपूर्ण होने से सरसता आ जाती है | प्रस्तुत आलेख में भगवती प्रसाद वाजपेयी की कहानियों में सामंजस्य भाव का आकलन किया गया है |

लगभग  सम्पूर्ण साहित्य में परसाई जी का परिवेश व स्वयं परसाई जी एक विषय के रूप में छाये दिखते है | परसाई का अधिकांश लेखन, आत्मकथात्मक माना जाता है | साहित्यकार परसाई के निर्माण में व्यक्ति परसाई की भूमिका को नकारा नहीं जा सकता | परसाई जी के साथ व्यक्तित्व और साहित्य निर्माण में उनकी यथार्थ चेतना के योग की उपस्थिति आरम्भ से ही रही | देशकाल के संदर्भ में यदि हम परसाई के भीतर पल-बढ़ रहे सचेत और जाग्रत रचनाकार पर दृष्टि डालें तो पाऐंगे की उस समय का देशकाल परिवेश संक्रमण के काल से गुजर रहा था | तत्कालीन परिस्थितियों में स्वतंत्रता की आकांछा और उसके बाद के मोहभंग में परसाई की यथार्थ चेतना और रचनाकार के आकार लिया | पाँचवे-‘छठे दशक की राष्ट्रीय-अंतर्राष्ट्रीय घटनाएँ, परिवेश की दृष्टि का विकास कर रहे थे | इन सबके बीच विशद् अधयन्न और आसपास के सम्पर्क से परसाई जी का मार्क्सवाद के प्रति जो झुकाव उभरा तो वह सन् 1960 तक आते-आते पुख्ता हो गया | परसाई कहते हैं जो यथार्थ जिस रूप में इन्होंने पाया, उसे उसी रूप में ईमानदारी से साहित्य में प्रस्तुत कर दिया | किसी प्रकार की कोई बनावट नहीं, सजावट नहीं और न ही दुराव छिपाव | अच्छा-बुरा सब ये बेहद निस्संग होकर अपने साहित्य में शामिल करते है | सबसे खास बात ये कि इन सबके बीच ये पाठक के समक्ष किसी आदर्श या यूरोपिया का जाल भी नहीं बुनते |

It is over thirty years since the Bhopal Gas Tragedy happened on the chilly night of December 2nd/3rd (00:15 am) 1984. Poisonous gases like Methyl Isocyanate (MIC), Phosgene were escaped from the Union Carbide India Limited Plant a subsidiary of the U.S. based Union Carbide Corporation, situated in the north-eastern side of the city Bhopal. The impact was saddened it was a catastrophic and genocidal has no parallel in industrial history. People were unaware of what was making them choke and fight for life saving breath led their warm beds in panic, in the darkness running helter-skelter, hopefully away from the murderous toxins that had clouded the skies. In an hour or so 3,000 of them could not outrun the deadly poisons, and they collapsed all over, the city, in a bizarre dance of death that had no dignity. Hundreds of thousands from a city of million plus vanished from the city, coughing, retching and mortally scared. Those who are escaped from death, the poisons have made their life hell for ever and are suffering and dying. There are lesions here for the multinationals, the developed countries, the developing countries and the community.

The implementation of IFRS around the world is occurring rapidly growth and quality improvements of accounting system through a uniform set of standards (IFRS). The Accounting Standards are issued with a view to describe the accounting principles and the methods of applying these principles in the preparation and presentation of financial statements so that they give a true and fair view. International Accounting Standards for worldwide are acceptance and observance so that the accounting standards in different countries are harmonized. The present study is on attempt to gather the previous research work. So far, has been done in the field of IFRS and to represent its critical analysis in a systematic way. The study is based on secondary data and descriptive in nature. In recent years, need for international harmonization of Accounting Standards followed in different countries has grown considerably as the cross-border transfers of capital are becoming increasingly common. IFRSs the primary objective of uniformity and comparability of the financial statements prepared in India with the rest of the countries of globe will be achieved.

This paper presents asurvey study of e-commerce and online security. Paper introduces study ofe-commerce and online security.The authentication done by user and authorizationdone by administrator.Services,infrastrucutre and legal component make e-commerce more efficient and accurate.encryption and decryption make transactions more secure.The survey results show that the proposed study better perform.

This research paper provides an overview of stock market operations. The stock market is witnessing heightened activities and is increasingly gaining importance. The securities markets in India have witnessed several policy initiatives, which have refined the market micro-structure, modernized operations and broadened investment choices for the investors. Operation in different stock exchanges has been examined for the period from 1st January 2009 to 31st July, 2014. This period is divided into different sets of years, like 2013-14, 2010-2011, 2012-13, and 2013-14, in order to capture the effect and movement of stock exchanges with each other.

Located in the northern region of India, Uttar Pradesh State covers a large part of the highly fertile and densely populated upper Gangetic plain.

With rapid Globalization, the augmented importance of English cannot be denied and ignored since English is the most common language spoken everywhere. With the help of developing technology, English has been playing a major role in many sectors including medicine, engineering, and education, which, in my opinion, is the most important arena where English is needed. If we look into, what language is, language is a medium of communication. Communication implies carrying of message or receiving of message. Students from various cultures feel hard to learn English and its proficiency. The thirst of English language learning needs some solution. Scientific advancements have produced a number of innovative products to assist the learning process. The language lab is a technological break for imparting skills in English. The language lab offers an exclusive result oriented and efficient tool to enrich the English language learning process. The language lab plays a vital role to learn the foreign language in a congenial environment and in a successful way. Both the teacher and the students’ inputs are very imperative in this kind of learning activity. Innovative products such as digital multimedia control, wireless headsets and microphones, the interactive response pad, etc. are very useful for students learning languages for communication. These interactive tools are designed to enhance not only language teaching but also class room grading and distance learning. The learner can get the experience of having interaction with native speakers through the laboratory. Hence, the language laboratory has become the need of the hour in any language learning process for communication. Language learning is not the same as learning any other subject. It is not restrained to writing an examination and getting a degree or award. Good communication skills are essential for any skilled professional. If one wants to achieve reaching out to group or peoples, he or she has to master their language. The English language, in certainty, has become vital in the lives of young aspirants to progress their careers and professional life. English language learning has therefore become a necessity for any Indian student today. Communication means one’s ability to listen charily so as to infer the meaning and to respond with suitable words and clarity of pronunciation. It has become inevitable in today’s context but, at the same time, it poses certain challenges. This article attempts to emphasize the significance of the language laboratory and its challenges imposed on the learner and the teacher.

Religious and cultural pluralism is a belief that one can overcome religious and cultural differences between different religions and cultures and conflicts within the same religion as well as culture. For most religious traditions religious pluralism is based on non literal view of one’s religious traditions allowing for respect to be followed between different traditions on core principals rather than on marginal issues. It is an attitude which rejects focus on immaterial differences and instead gives respect to those beliefs held in common. The existence of pluralism depends on the existence of freedom of religion which is when different religions of a particular region possess the same rights of worship and public expression. Freedom of religion is weakened when one religion is given rights or privileges and denied to others. Pluralism is a characteristic of Indian society and it should be definitely preserved. Preserving pluralism through education is the best and humanitarian way of co-existence in a multicultural, multilingual and multi religious society like India. This paper deals with the ways of preserving pluralism through various interventions of education like curriculum, teacher preparation, classroom environment, school administration etc.

Since the long time library enjoyed the status of being the heart of Institution but due to Information & communication impact, position of Library and librarian is diminishing. ICT especially Internet has snatched the power, position and importance of library and librarian from the institutions. To stay in the picture as Knowledge manager Librarian have to cope up with the technological barriers and try their best to attract the users towards library by providing smart services and help them to quench their thirst of knowledge. Like methane acting as green house gas Library professionals with its free attracting four elements must give result in growth in specific field resulting in national growth and then contributing in global growth. So librarians must use smart tools for developing users’ awareness. This paper provides the ways to develop users’ awareness services by using Smart tools rather than using traditional pattern. The paper also throws light on relation between user awareness and Library services.

An innovation is a new thought, concept or behavior that is deliberate, purposeful land indicates a special change. It is accepted with a purpose to bring about the positive change in the existing practice or system. It is well planned and systematic effort. Team teaching is one of the innovations in instructional organization to ensure opium use of resources, interest and expertise. The author draws the attention of secondary teachers towards this innovation in teaching learning process. The analysis is based on survey method of 6 different secondary school male female teachers of Khunti Dist. Jharkhand. Random sample was drawn from 92 secondary school teachers to collect the data self- constructed and standardized tool was developed and used to administer the test. Pearson Product moment correlation and t - test were used to analyses the data. Findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference in the level of problem solving skills in male and female secondary school teachers.

The concept of social security has evolved over a period of time. In the primitive societies it was mankind’s prime need to protect himself from the vagaries of nature like earthquakes, famines or even finding shelter and food in his day to day life. Societal groups were formed to confront and brave such hazards which turned into community living and formation of villages and also bringing in the concept of a family. These institutions provided whatever limited social security those societies needed and served them adequately. The industrial revolution brought in its wake altogether a new set of needs for the workers. These workers living around factories were mostly dependent upon their wages for subsistence and sustenance. They had left their villages and families to come and work in the factories. In the event these workers were rendered jobless because of accident, injuries or sickness or may be their services were not required, they were to live on their savings or from help from the fellow workers. Such arrangements were found grossly inadequate and it was felt the civil society as a whole or the State was required to play a major role in providing much needed respite to workers under such circumstances. This is how the concept of social security kept evolving.

Banking system, being the most important fundamental of the overall economic system of any country plays a major role in mobilizing nation’s savings and in channelizing them into high investment primacies and better be pronounced as the kingpin of the chariot of fiscal progress. Evaluation of the financial performance of the banking sector is an effective measure and indicator to check the steadfastness of the economic activities of the country. In such a competitive environment, banks and financial institutions are forced to re-examine their performance in this ever-changing economics of the 21st century. With this view, in the present paper, the financial performance of the public sector banks of India has been analyzed. Ratio analysis being a very important part of the strategic planning is used for the analysis. In this paper, to evaluate the financial performance of public sector banks, five key financial ratios have been used. The present study adopts an analytical and descriptive research design.

India has around 6.41 lakh villages in which 2,474 forest villages& settlements spread over 12 States are completely located in the forest. Forest villages mostly habitat of tribal and their population (Forest dwellers) and their livelihoods are critically linked to the forest ecosystem. These forest dwellers are among the poorest people and are highly vulnerable because of high dependency on natural resources, and lacking clean and efficient energy. This has made them to be remaining poor and poor quality of life. In the absence to grid connected power, they are not in a position to irrigate the land and better utilize their skill and time to enhance their economy. Further, fuel-mix in the forest villages of India is characterized by predominance of bio-energy which includes fuel-wood, crop residues, and animal dung. This heavy dependence on biomass and traditional energy techniques with low conversion efficiency has led to serious environmental and health effects, particularly at the local, regional level. The most obvious solution would be to connect these villages through grid supply, but due to their remoteness and heavy transmission & distribution loss, this may not be a viable solution to get them connected to grid connected power supply. India is committed for enhancing its share of clean energy and also electrify those remote villages, which are not connected through grids. There are efficient renewable energy techniques (RET), widely tested in India may also be suitable to these forest villages also. These villages are rich in renewable energy sources like flowing water, wind, solar and more reliable one is the bio-mass. The paper is discussing on the quantification of forest village resources and proto-typing and institutionalizing RETs for energy security to these villagers. Sustainable management of renewable feed stock for RET will help to conserve the forest and enhance livelihood and quality life of these forest villages.

The study is an attempt to explain the working and role of Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) with respect to Export & Import. For this purpose data has been gathered from Policy and procedures issued from last 10 years. In the paper various export incentives its applicability, advantage, features, working pattern, difficulties has been explained. The study is descriptive in nature, defining the status quo related to the field covered in the theme.

This paper explores the need and importance of Instructional Technology with special reference to Multimedia based Learning technology in teaching learning process. With today's multimedia courseware, once a programme has been designed and built in with the appropriate responses, it should be flexible and permit change and alteration. Multimedia is a term frequently heard and discussed among educational technologists today. In essence, multimedia merges multiple levels of learning into an educational tool that allows for diversity in curricula presentation. The principle of instructional technology and learning technology are associated with the learners’ achievement. Intervention of technology in the teaching learning process as a result of Educational Technology is the product of instructional and learning process. Use of Information Communication Technology (ICT) is the burning issues now days in our teaching learning process. For many of us, the lure of computers is a powerful one. Better understanding in the part of learners, applications of pedagogical issues related to learning process with respect to their developmental stages are the remarkable area for educational problems. Intervention of ICT, Multimedia Based learning Environment from facilitation to obstructers are also critically analysed in this paper.

This paper focused on A Study of School Culture and Academic Motivation in Mathematics of M.P. Board and C.B.S.E. Board Students. The main objective of research paper is to compare the school culture in M.P Board and CBSE mathematics students of class XI, compare the academic motivation in M.P Board and CBSE mathematics students of class study the correlation of school culture on the academic motivation of M.P Board mathematics students of class XI & To study the correlation of school culture on the academic motivation of CBSE mathematics students of class XI. Our sample size is 550 School level students. The tool was used School Culture made by Maehr & Braskamp (1986) & Academic Motivation made by Investigator. The main finding are There is significant difference between the mean score of the school culture in M.P. Board and CBSE Mathematics students of class XI, There is no significant difference between the mean score of the academic motivation in government M.P. Board and non government M.P. Board students of Mathematics of class XI, There is no significant correlation of school culture on the academic motivation of M.P Board mathematics students of class XI, There is significant correlation of school culture on the academic motivation of CBSE mathematics students of class XI.

Information and knowledge are stuffed in myriad books in libraries and in other storage places round the globe. But every seeker may not, at the first place, have an access to and then be able to digest the contents when he/she goes through these directly. People concerned have been evolving techniques for the precise reason of sifting, explaining and disseminating the available information and knowledge among the seekers with ease. The extrapolation of the existing techniques may not be effective to do so as newer information and knowledge keep pouring in, in ever increasing volumes and complexity. Ever newer innovations in techniques have therefore to be invented to keep pace. This is what is being done by educationists, pedagogues and information-technologists incessantly at fervent pace. It is however not to say that innovation is the monopoly of these few alone. Every innovation-minded person may contribute their mite as long as the technique proves to be economical, ubiquitously available, simple, efficient and useful---the qualities that make it popular and adoptable.

This paper discusses Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) in developing nations, and a closer look at China and India. The paper also looks at how direct relationship investments are established, the effect of globalization and the emergence of new trade relationships to economics. Also discussed are foreign direct investment patterns and major trends and the International Monetary Fund defining foreign direct investment as a category of international investment, reflecting the objective of a resident in one economy obtaining a lasting interest in an enterprise resident in another economy, The paper discloses that a long-term relationship between the parties is desirable and that there will be a significant degree of influence by the investor on the management of the enterprise.

The video lecture films were developed on specific criteria, on the basis of scripts which were examined by subject experts as well as technical experts. In Video films concepts were made more comprehensive with the help of daily life examples and pictures. Inconsistency in findings of different researches on Video lecture films and due to very few numbers of researches conducted on Video lecture films present study need to be undertaken Majority of students expressed strongly favorable reactions towards different aspects of Video films on Educational Psychology.

Persistently high inflation in past few years coupled with economic slow-down has been one of the key challenges for India

Climate change endangers human health, affecting all sectors of society, both domestically and globally. The environmental consequences of climate change, both those already observed and those that are anticipated, such as sealevel rise, changes in precipitation resulting in flooding and drought, heat waves, more intense hurricanes and storms, and degraded air quality, will affect human health both directly and indirectly. Addressing the effects of climate change on human health is especially challenging because both the surrounding environment and the decisions that people make influence health. For example, increases in the frequency and severity of regional heat waves—likely outcomes of climate change—have the potential to harm a lot of people. Certain adverse health effects can probably be avoided if decisions made prior to the heat waves result in such things as identification of vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly and ensured access to preventive measures such as air conditioning. This is a simplified illustration; in real-life situations a host of other factors also come into play in determining vulnerability including biological susceptibility, socioeconomic status, cultural competence, and the built environment. In a world of myriad “what if” scenarios surrounding climate change, it becomes very complicated to create wise health policies for the future because of the uncertainty of predicting environmental change and human decisions. The need for sound science on which to base such policies becomes more critical than ever. This paper highlights the effects of climatic change in humans.

Environmental Awareness seeks to develop the ability to assess environmental situations and the causal chains of relationships leading to environmental damage; the interaction among social, economical, physical and educational factors: mutually related and overlapping developments, networks and feedback responsibility for future generation’ economy and care in the use of all recourses; respect to revolution, nature and life; recognition of the limits of nature, human action and self restriction; and re-acquiring the ability to perceive nature. Teaching competency of secondary school teachers can be a true weapon to bring environmental awareness to the students. Objectives are to find out the level of environmental awareness among male and female secondary school teachers, to find out the level of environmental awareness in secondary teachers of arts and science branch, to find out the level of teaching competency of male and female secondary teachers, to find out the level of teaching competency of arts and science secondary school teachers, to find out the relationship between environmental awareness and teaching competency of secondary school teachers. Sample for the present study consists of 300 secondary school teachers from different schools of Lohardaga and Gumla Dist. State, Jharkhand. Environmental Awareness Scale, by Parveen Kumar Jha, and Teaching Competency Scale, by Thomas Vargese. Mean, SD, t-test and Pearson Product moment correlation was used to analyze the data. Findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference in the level of Environmental Awareness of male and female secondary school teachers, there is no significant difference in the level of environmental awareness of arts and science secondary school teachers, there is no significant difference in the level of teaching competency of male and female secondary school teachers, there is no significant difference in the level of teaching competency of arts and science secondary school teachers, there is no significant relationship between environmental awareness and teaching competency of secondary school teachers.

Teacher is an important factor of the habilitation and rehabilitation programme, but most of the teachers do not know about the basic concepts of disabilities even in education, although they are working in the field of special education. In the changing scenario, education is changing rapidly. It is not a need today, it becomes a responsibility. More and more students with disabilities are being taught and held accountable for the same content in the same classes as their neighbors and peers. It belief that it cannot and will not happen without providing support for general and special education teacher ho will be expected to make them happen. In inclusive classrooms, most of the students are being benefited with the SSA program.

The intention of this paper is to study the recent trends in present-day mathematics and role of mathematics in other disciplines. The paper is in five parts. Section one is Introduction. Section two is dealing with trends of application areas of mathematics at the wake of the twentieth century, Section three looks at the changes in mathematics application as a result of the modern approach to mathematics and discoveries in other fields, section four addresses the current thinking of collaborative and inter discipline mathematics and the section five gives some examples of application areas where mathematics is emerging as a vital component with great opportunities for inter discipline research.

The sample consist of 126 teachers selected out of this 18 were males and the rest are females by stratified sampling method from one school of Chhindwara (IDEAL PUBLIC SCHOOL,CHHINDWARA) and two schools of Sarni (LITTLE FLOWER HIGH SCHOOL AND PANDIT NEHRU HIGH SCHOOL) This paper consist impact of various teachers teaching in primary classes according to their: - Age, Marital status & Gender

The processes by which meanings are created and shared with through ICT are the new literary practice in the present digital world. There are many terms used in the information society to describe the aspects of literacy like multimedia, interactive, ICT or digital literacy, etc. Each of them focuses on the operational aspects of using ICT. The recent shift of emphasis on expansion of the term IT to ICT indicates that the communication is now seen as a central component of the ICT capability and clearly depends on both “traditional” and “new” literacy. Through this paper, the researcher has tried to focus on the impact of emerging technology on teaching and learning. More focus has been given on existing digital technologies which have made the classroom teachings more effective. There has been a huge change in the attitudes among the students of the then industrial society to the now so called information society. This has raised eyebrows to realize the need of the present student community to adapt the fast growing digital scenario. Education being the utmost important field in a student’s life, the institutional heads has all the more focused on adoption of digital classrooms. The emerging trends with the advancement in technologies since the 1980’s to the present millennium have witnessed a great milestone. Though the then industrial society produced intellectuals with traditional methods of teaching–learning process, the present information society demands an in-depth learning of concepts in STEM [Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics]. The study reveals the need of the present digital classroom learning with the increase in student’s levels of motivation, sense of self confidence, self sufficiency and greater aspirations and expectations. With the implementation of ICT tools, the academic standards have raised and the classes have now become more attentative, interactive and informative. With this upbringing, the educational institutions witnessed a vast change in the students just not in their studies but also in their overall personality as a lot has been inculcated into the student’s life with the change in technology.

Why is it that some Education institutes are effectively using technology for teaching and learning? This question is often asked as educators and technology supporters seek ways to enhance educational opportunities for students by technology The current research and best practice to show how to integrate technology into teaching in higher education . This resource discusses the relationship between knowledge, learning, teaching, and the nature of media, and shows how this information should inform the use of technology in a teaching environment. . In this paper, we focus on using multimedia technology as an innovative teaching and learning strategy in a problem-based learning environment by giving the students a multimedia project to train them in this skill set.

For almost last one decade the wind of change is blowing as never before. The youth today is questioning every system in existence.

A few decades ago, the concept of playschools in India was unheard of, and few children, if any, attended playschools. Still, everyone grew up into mature, sensible, well read and well spoken adults. Now however it seems as if every parent send their prenursery child off to a playschool. When people hear the word “playschool,” they often envision a popular brand of children’s toys that has lived through quite a few decades. While they are right in their thoughts, playschool also refers to a nursery school that children attend for just a few hours per day. As warranted by the age group, the educational component is not very rigid. Really, deciding whether and when to send your kid to playschool is more contingent upon other factors, and here’s what you need to know. From many years I was thinking about my childhood, I started my school from 5+.but now children are stating their schooling from 2+.So the Question arises in my mind, are we becoming selfish that we are taking our children’s childhood. And I thought about Play School. How can quality play-based learning take place effectively? Early childhood educators should know the children and families in their centre; they assess, document children's learning and know their interests. Then, together with families, they plan carefully how to use play-based activities as one tool to promote the learning that will achieve the Early Years Learning Framework outcomes.Planning the environment to assist children to achieve outcomes is important in providing quality play experiences. Here I will try to explain how the play school works.

The paper enfolds the management of risk in banking industry through maintenance of adequacy of capital according to Basel 2 framework. Basel 2 is being implemented in India since 2008. The accord of Basel 2 enables bank to estimate required level of capital for the banks in proportion to their levels and areas of risks. This further improves the financial soundness of the banks and improves financial health of the economy as a whole.

Past 2-3 decades a lot of stress has been given to "cognitive linguistics". Its approach is concerned with how the process and how patterns are conceived in conceptual content and organized. It targets the semantic structure of morphological and lexical forms. Cognitive linguistics, addresses two approaches to language. Firstly, it examines the formal properties of language from its conceptual perspective. Needless to say that it aims to analyze grammatical structure in terms of the functions which in turn works as representation of conceptual structure. Secondly, one of its most distinguishing features is, that it aims to connect its findings to the cognitive structures that relates to the psychological approach. It aims both to help account for the behavior of conceptual phenomena within language in terms of those psychological structures, and at the same time, to help work out some of the properties of those structures themselves on the basis of its detailed understanding of how language realizes them.

Today, we are living in a ‘Global Community’. People correspond with others from around the globe on a regular basis, products are bought and sold, and services are provided globally. The English language has in arguably achieved a major role in this “globalization” and it has become the prime language of choice for communication by many different nationalities. The importance of Business English at the moment is that it gives people the edge in a competitive environment. Being able to speak appropriate and competent English at work gives an individual and their employer credibility also. New language skills help to know how to handle business situations in an appropriate manner.This paper reports on increasing demands of learning business English for successful business and social benefit.

Environmental education is considered one of the most important long-term solutions to the environmental crisis. Informal or alternative approaches in environmental education become ever more important in motivating attitudinal change. This paper is trying to focus on need and importance of environment education from school level to higher education globally and specific to Indian context secondary school education. Policy, prospects and recommendations by different committee in India and world are critically analyzed by the environmental thinkers are also presented. Research subject we investigate how this institutionalized educational activity is integrated into the general education of children, and what is its role in environmental awareness rising among schoolchildren. We focus on possibilities and difficulties to improve cooperation between public and nature schools for better environmental education. On the basis of our empirical observations of nature school sessions, interviews with schoolteachers, and interviews with nature interpreters an attempt is made to answer the research problem, and final statement of the research with a few recommendations included is presented.

With an easy availability of internet and growing awareness about the uses and facilities provided by the social networking sites, not only youth but people of all ages are getting attracted towards these social networking sites. Though the awareness about the use and facilities is increasing but the awareness about the threats posed by these social networking sites to the safety and security of the user and the measures to safeguard oneself from these threats are still lacking. The SNS providers have also made the process of signing into these sites a very easy task but understanding their privacy settings is not a childs play. People, in a wish to know people of diverse cultures and many only in a wish to increase the number of friends in their friend list keep on accepting friendship requests from unknown people. While doing so, most of the time they are unaware that this small act may make them a victim of cyber-crime. In order to protect users of SNSs from cyber-crime, efforts are required to be made both by SNS providers and users of SNSs. SNS providers can make privacy settings more user friendly and can create awareness about use of privacy settings.

Since last decades, India is extensively demanding to converge Accounting Standards (AS) with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). For that it is essential also as to maintain uniformity in disclosing the accounting treatments especially for the multi-national and global company. In this course, the Institute of Chartered Accountant of India engages in formulating Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) with this regards. The implementation of Ind AS has already begun in the country with Phase I and Phase II companies and many of the Ind AS has been already implemented. In this regards, The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) also provided The Companies Rules, 2015(Indian Accounting Standards) on vide Notification dated February 16, 2015 and till date many of the amendments are been finalising too. The Ministry also notified the provisions on Compromises, Arrangements and Amalgamations under Sections 230- 240 in Chapter XV of the Companies Act, 2013. By this paper, the efforts have been made to explore the modified concepts of Ind AS 103 - Business Combinations and all those provisions of the Companies Act, 2013 that relate to mergers and acquisitions. This paper emphasis mainly on two aspects i.e. A comparison between the provisions of old companies act, 1956 new companies act, 2013 and comparison between the provisions of AS-14 Ind AS-103.

Mergers and Acquisitions is a strategic move made by a company to achieve inorganic growth. However selecting a right partner for merge requires lot of deliberations. An acquirer should select the target after a thoughtful process. Size of a company, mode of payment, benefits from the acquiring company and post-merger integration are few of the key parameter that should well planned before making a final choice. The present case is about building operational efficiencies by Jyothy Laboratories through acquisition of Henkel Indian operations. Jyothy was depended on it single product “Ujala Supreme” for revenue and had plans for market expansion by increasing its product portfolio. On the other hand Henkel India struggled for survival since the time of its entry into Indian markets. Though Henkel had a strong product portfolio but had failed to take the leverage in Indian markets. Jyothy had a strong presence in semi urban and rural areas parallel to this Henkel had a good hold in urban area. By acquiring Henkel Jyothy will get access to the bunch of products but also get entry in new segment. Since long Jyothy was trying hard to acquire Henkel Indian arm and finally succeeded in March 2011. The case is developed by referring various secondary sources like newspaper articles, annual reports of the companies and its website.

This pilot study focuses on the role of PR communications in health sector and how these communications will persuade as important among the patients. As Public Relation activities has become life-blood for all the organizations so as to create positive image and brand in the market. 10 multi-specialty hospitals of Bhopal city has been selected as study area and a sample of 10 respondents was selected from each hospitals. Personal interviews with the selected patients have been conducted through the designed questionnaire. It was found that Reputation, Behaviour of staff and Sponsorship were the most important PR communications which brings the patients to that particular hospitals and plays a major role while selecting the hospitals for treatment. It is suggested that more focus should be given for portraying the Behaviour of staff and sponsorship activities of the hospital to build the positive image of the hospital. Also, patients with different educational background differs in their opinion with respect to the PR communication factors hence it is suggested to design an effective communication messages so that people belonging to different educational background can easily understand the messages and persuade in the way hospital desires them to do.

The industrial disaster took place in Bhopal in the year 1984 was one of the biggest and worst industrial disaster mankind has ever seen which has killed around 5000 people, leaving thousands of morbidities and permanent disabilities among the people. The company, UCIL involved has given a compensation amount of 470 million as relief after intervention of Supreme Court of India which was very less for the damage done. Government has instantly started relief and rehabilitation measures like medical facilities, supply of pure drinking water, training and skill development for the family members so that they can start some work or get some employment. Over a period of time it was assumed that the amount received as compensation and various relief and rehabilitation measures has helped victim families to overcome from disaster. This study has been conducted to know the impact of compensation and rehabilitation over socio-economic status of victim families by performing a field survey. This study shows that a lot of families now become economically sound but still lot of work has to be done for the people and people still suffering.

This paper aims to investigate the mindset essential to entrepreneurial success of the young students towards entrepreneurship, who are yet to enter the field of work (Generation Z). Generation Z are those born between 1996 to 2000 (Mark Sniderman, 2018). The factors associated with the entrepreneurial mindset are inclination to take risks, venturing into new fields, innovation creativity. In this paper an empirical study has been done wherein a survey was conducted on 148 students who are pursuing their graduationpost-graduation degrees in various fields (Management, Hospitality, Law, Design, Information Technology, Family Managed Business, Liberal Arts and Journalism) to test how the demographic profiles play a vital role in affecting the factors like willingness towards taking risk, innovation, working out of their comfort zone, facing challenging situations and uncertainty, few of the key factors associated with entrepreneurship. This study contributes to the body of the literature of entrepreneurial mindset with insights that there is relationship between the demographics of the students, their cultural background and their mindset towards entrepreneurship. The tests used to identify the relationship are One-way ANOVA test, Chi-Square and Cross-Tabulations.

This study tries to examine the relationship between the macro-economic variable and the share market. To establish this relationship we have undertaken exchange rate (US Dollar) and stock market indices – BSE AUTO, BSE IT, BSE FMCG, BSE Capital Goods and BSE BANKEX. The data has been taken from the time period of February, 2009 and February, 2019 on monthly basis. Johansen cointegration has been applied to check the long run relationship and cointegration between the macro-economic variable and share market. Fundamentally exchange rate might impact various sectors of the economy, though technically there might be other macro-economic factors that might impact much more significantly than the exchange rate. Granger Causality test has also been applied to check the impact of US Dollar long term as well as short term on the stock market indices. The results shows that US Dollar does not significantly impact the indices, hence there are many other variables that might be impacting the indices.

Entrepreneurship, start-ups, incubators etc. are buzzwords in the world of business today. With huge valuations to Indian start-ups lately and so many success stories out there, the area of entrepreneurship is abuzz with new ideas and even better new ventures. The environment has changed a lot in India from the times when new ventures were only limited to business families and their children. Today there is a considerable increase in the number of people willing to take the risk of setting up a new business. Intention is the genesis of any behavior (Ajzen 1991). Thus it is very logical and important to study entrepreneurial intention at the student level so that we can understand the entrepreneurial scenario prevalent in the society. The present research is to check whether model fits to the students of Punjab University and also make a regression model for the same.

The present study is carried out to examine the effectiveness of Video Instructional Material (VIM) on secondary level students’ achievement in science at knowledge, understanding and application level and their attitude towards VIM in Wardha district of Maharashtra, India. This research is based on pre-test and post-test single group experimental design. In this study, one secondary school was selected using simple random sampling technique. All 40 students of class 9th of that school were included in the experimental group for conducting the experiment. Lesson plans of science were developed by the researcher using VIM. For data collection, self-made Science Achievement Test (SAT) and self-made Attitude Scale towards Video Instructional Material (ASVIM) were used. SAT comprised of 30 multiple choice questions of secondary school science at knowledge, understanding and application domain. The reliability coefficient value of SAT was 0.70 calculated by split-half method. ASVIM comprised of 20 statements. The pre-test of SAT was administrated on the group before starting the experiment. The next stage involved the treatment phase in which the researcher taught 2 chapters of science (Digestive System of Human and Air Pollution) to students with the help of lesson plans which were developed by researcher. When the treatment was over, post-test of SAT and ASVIM were administrated on the group. After collecting the data, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used for checking the normality of the data and then analysis of data was done by using both descriptive (Mean, Standard deviation) and inferential (t-test) statistics. A hypothesis was tested on 0.01 level of significance. After the analysis of data the findings of the study revealed that the students taught by the VIM performed better on Science Achievement Test at all three levels of the cognitive domain and students have positive attitude towards VIM. These findings indicate that the VIM was found to be significantly effective in terms of achievement in science. Therefore it can be concluded that the VIM is effective to learn science. Based on the result obtained, it is therefore recommended that teachers should use VIM for teaching science and other subjects at secondary level to facilitate learning of higher levels of cognition.

Entrepreneurship is a creative discipline having innovative scope for developing economy of a nation. It assures human empowerment and secures life with all-round development activities. It acts as the soul of socio-economic activities as architectural foundation for nation building, human progress and social transformation in all-comprehensive manner to solve the problems of human deprivation, social marginalization and regional disparities. So, the study seeks to analyze all such objectives for increasing opportunities and act as the rejoinder to strengthen potential value of human life bringing possibilities with respect to holistic growth, sustainable development and dynamic social rolling in forward moving tendencies. Reinventing role of entrepreneurship laudably discusses issues pertaining to the picture of civil society norms for economic development and social transformation. Hence, the study provides relevant findings, appropriate suggestions and judicious recommendations in ‘path-goal’ relativity approach. At the end, conclusion will be provided to make the study relevant to policymakers, administrators, researchers, social architect, academicians and others for building the foundation of civil society to the existential autonomy of life with value added norms of human living pursuits for better future, healthy living and potential development.

As we all know that social media usage has become an essential part of our day to day life. It has shown an effective and influencing change in the behavior of today’s consumers. It has been playing a vital role in consumer decision process. The word ‘social’ refer to interacting with other people by sharing and receiving information with them where as ‘media’ refers to instrument of communication like the internet. Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Twiter, Google plus and Myspace are some of the most popular social media websites with over 100 million registered users. They have become an effective tool of comparing one product with other in an easy way. This paper presents current status of use of social networking sites by consumers in India and also explains why, when and how the social media affect the buying behavior of Indian consumer.

Everyone on earth grapples with the inevitable process of losing in life. This Paper presents a Study of Impact of losses that each of the characters had had and their affect on their Personality and Destiny in the book “Inheritance of Loss” by the Booker Prize winner Kiran Desai. Losses in life play a significant role in shaping one’s personality in a negative or a positive way. The characters in the book had to deal with loss at one point or the other in their lives. As life is marked by a variety of losses, some were life changing, some intangible, some insignificant, some irrevocable but some subtle like in the life of Biju Sai, Nimmi, etc.

The overall luxury market is estimated at more than one Trillion and it grew by 5 in 2017 globally. In India it is at present US 23.8 Billion and expected to reach by US 30 by 2020 (Assocham Report). It is estimated the market size would increase by 5 fold and number of millionaires would increase by 3 times in India. The market is divided by classification in terms of products, gender (male, female), mode of sale, location, disposable income, Experiences, Services etc. The present study reveals the facts and dynamics of luxury brands in India vis a vis across globe. The study is descriptive in nature and is based on purely secondary data which has been gathered from various published sources. The study intent to get into the consumer behaviour aspects towards luxury brands and how the affordable luxury is gaining importance around.

The study aims to investigate how FDI Flows are affected by various economic factors prevailing in that particular nation. The study analyses country wise six determinants which are Real Gross Domestic Product, Consumer Indices, Services Trade Openness, Workers Remittances and Compensation of Employees, Gross Capital Formation and Electric Power Consumption. E-Views is being used to apply Augmented Dickey Fuller Test and Multiple Regression for each country separately to identify significant determinants of FDI Flows. The data is collected from various resources mainly comprising of United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and World Development Indicators of The World Bank for the years 1995-2017. The study finally concludes that all the independent variable do not have the same significance pattern toward FDI. The study also highlights the significance of panel data analysis to generate results.

Millennials have been exerting a peculiar fascination not only on business leaders but also on the academic experts. Since the members of Generation Y are also called Digital Natives, their life has begun with the digital environment and information technology profoundly affects how they live and work. Most of the business managers, researchers and policy makers are interested in the identification of use of social media by millennials because this can reflect the positive and negative outcomes of these digital natives and subsequently managers can design and develop their products and the product line. Most of the business managers form customer identity by analyzing their habits and their brand loyalty along with their use of social media. With this, they can also assess the purchase behavior of these consumers and their perceived value towards the business organizations. The present study focuses on the relationship between social media and the purchase decisions made by the generation with regard to their travel. The study is done on the basis of responses received from the generation Y population. A questionnaire has been designed to assess the hypothesis that there is a strong relationship between the use of social media and the travel decisions made by them. Out of total 300 responses, 244 were found to be significant. Based on the responses received inferences have been made.

In the present scenario, for the healthy economy, it is necessary that the banking system grows fast and should be stable. For the development of any country, the banking sector plays an important role. . One of the most important aspects of the financial sector is the banking sector. Today, in this competitive environment, adaptation of the BASEL norms by Indian banking sector will help in making globally competitive and also help them in managing their risk in a better way. By keeping this point, this research paper highlights the existence of the BASEL Accords for the Indian banking sector. This research paper helps in having a deeper understanding of the emergence of Basel banking norms (Basel I), and the evolution of the subsequent regulations (Basel II and Basel III). This research paper also describes the difference between the Basel I, Basel II and Basel III. This research paper also highlights the disclosure practices adopted by the Indian public and private sector banks. It is concluded that the private sector banks disclosing the BASEL III requirements better than the public sector banks.

Business Incubators is one of the topics in entrepreneurship that has attracted the attention of researchers since the last three few decades. Although the topic of Business Incubators is well explored, there is a research gap in the area of assessment of entrepreneurs by incubator managers and angel investors. The present study attempts to fill that gap by developing a model and instruments to make an assessment of aspiring entrepreneurs. The present study is conceptual in nature and uses primary and secondary data for exploring the assessment of entrepreneurs. The focus on analysis was on what factors matter for selection of aspiring entrepreneurs and identify. Personal Interviews were carried out with thirty angel investors in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh asking them as to how they would make an assessment of aspiring entrepreneurs who would approach them for funding. The present study focused on developing a holistic model that would focus both on individual and business level. The study makes contribution in three dimensions namely Scholarly, Business and Social. There are three major limitations for the stud. First, the study does not suggest methods to cross check the self- reported scores on the instruments. Second, the RCPGI Model is not empirical tested. Third, the RCPGI model works well only with start-ups operated by teams. The present study offers scope for further research and provides directions for future research.

India has witnessed tremendous increase in the new retail formats in apparel stores sector, in the last decade. Big corporate houses have diversified themselves and have entered retail business in India with introduction of new retail formats such as department stores, discount stores, organized retail stores, and even the whole malls where majority of their product portfolio is apparels. Past research has shown that the retail format that has gained the interest of big corporate is the big shopping complexes, organized retail stores or the shopping malls. Various aspects of these organized retail storesshopping malls affect the perception of the customers related to the service quality of these stores. The service quality perceived or experienced by the customers is believed to directly affect their satisfaction and loyalty towards the store. It is assumed that more the satisfaction of the customer, higher is the probability of the customer becoming loyal to the store resulting in repeat patronage. This research was aimed to investigate the relationship between various determinants of service quality of the organized retail apparel store and the customer satisfaction loyalty. The respondents were selected from Ahmadabad city. Data was collected with the help of “Service Quality of Retail Stores” scale, developed by Dabholkar et. al (1996). The statements for constructs of customer satisfaction and loyalty were developed on the basis of the literature review. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to identify the relationship between the service quality dimensions of the store and the satisfaction and loyalty of the customers towards these stores in Ahmadabad city. This study will help the managers of organized retail apparel stores to understand the relationship between the determinants of service quality and the customers’ satisfaction and loyalty which will enable them in decision making related to improving the quality of the service in their stores with respect to various determinants of service quality.

Failure is known as the state or condition of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and may be viewed as the opposite of success. Loss or failure is something that is looked down upon and sportspersons begin to fear it even at a young age. The Purpose of the study was to compare the fear of failure the among Senior National level elite and non-elite boys Mallakhamb players. The subjects of the study were twenty three senior national level elite and non-elite Boys Mallakhamb players, who participated 33rd senior national Mallakhamb Championships held at Ujjain in the year February, 2017. The fear of failure questionnaire (FOFQ) consisting of 48 items and constructed by Shukla (2015) was used for the purpose of data collection. To assess the fear of failure of elite and non-elite boys on six dimensions of senior National level above 18 years, mean and standard deviation, t-ratio were computed. Results of study revealed that Senior National level elite and non-elite boys mallakhamb players were found similar on six dimensions of fear of failure i.e. goal setting, self-adequacy, uncertain future, self-control, self-evaluation and coping strategies.

In India, the scams of thousands of crores are increasing rapidly. Due to the increasing frauds, there is a loss of trust in the reliability of the financial information uses by the user or makers of the economic decisions. To investigate the reason behind this a detailed investigation is very important. This made a great demand for a forensic accounting in India. Merely an audit is not enough for detecting the frauds. Forensic Accounting is the combination of the auditing, accounting and investigation skills. Initially, the forensic accountant is worked only for the government agencies to uncover or detect the underlying frauds. In this exploratory research paper discusses the concept and scope of the forensic accounting and the techniques used by the forensic accountant to uncover the frauds or white collar crimes. Also, discuss the recent notable scams in India.

Ayaan Hirsi Ali is the name not to be missed in English literature. She is well known in the world of English writing because of her bold, outspoken, especially regarding women rights. Ayaan Hirsi Ali is a famed speaker, debater and journalist. Times Magazine has chosen her name among the hundred most influential people in the world. Her boldness is inspired by her father Hirsi Magan Isse, who was a Somali politician. He had great influence over her. Memories of her childhood reiterated the continued unequal condition of women around the world. Going through her novels-Infidel, Nomad, The Caged Virgin and Heretic, we came to know about her journey from silence to speech. Her novel Infidel was the bestseller of The New York Times. She came in the limelight when her friend and director of the documentary movie-Submission, Theo Van Gogh was murdered. A great supporter of women rights, she is also a vocal activist. Memories of her life are not the mere collection of her past, but they are reflections of her struggle for a free life a life free from orthodox thinking bounded personality and caged emotions. But the way she came out of that is the most important part to be known by all of us. Her journey is the journey of strong determination and will power fighting in odd situations.

Media education in India is bridging the two sectors Media industry and Media education sector. Today, issues face Media education in India related to theory versus practical, updating curriculum and syllabus. This review study focused on emerging development needs in Media education in India. The main purpose of this literature review to know the status of media education in India. The main purpose of this literature review to know the status of media education in India? What are the issues and challenges facing media education in India? For this study, Researcher tried to find issues and challenges related to media education through existing researcher prior studied on this topic. Review of what is being researched by the primary researcher.

With the rising usage of neuroscience techniques in website Apps designing by the name of neuromarketing which conducts customer brain research to identify preferences or constraints improve marketer’s visual presence. As most of human brain is occupied in visual processing so neuromarketing is playing conducive role to improve marketer’s visual presence. (As per neuroscientific technology as soon as visual processing takes entry in the ‘Reptilian Brain’ of consumers it can develop a very prompt and effective sense of true decision-maker). The main purpose of this paper is to discover the Indian Consumer’s perception towards the concept of Neuromarketing as well as the applications of neuroscientific techniques in m-commerce websiteapplication designing. Finally this paper analyses with the help EFA CFA to conclude about the Indian Customers Awareness towards Neuromarkeing.

Indian economy today has been dynamic and is ready to accept various changes particularly pertaining to technologyto meet global standards so as toattract growth prospects more widely and sustainably. In this process one of the major objectives has been digitalization and the efforts of the present governmenthas geared up its implementation and Banking and Financial sector is one of the major areas where digitalization has been initiated in the recent past. The major benefits of digitalization in this area may be better accountability of the consumer expenses along with better consumer experience in terms of payments. Moreover, benefits are also in terms of network effects leading to immense market dominance and big data availability which would help enhance competition in the market. The financial sector digitalization has been majorly transaction intensive, hence innovation and automation has been on the forefront. In this process, demonetization acted as something that is called shock treatment to boost digitalization. In the wake of the issue of information protection brought out The Cambridge Analytica and Facebook brouhaha, digitalization has been criticized. However, the educated young have opted towards using digital instruments. This paper evaluates whether demonetization has influenced their digital behavior in terms of using various digital financial instruments, using primary data.

Due to growing competition in recent times, the international companies find themselves in acute need of creating new marketing technics. The companies try to sort out how to keep competing in the current internet age. They have started to apply interactive technics especially when they want to launch a new product or a brand to the market. The technological advancement has been leading the marketers to go for effective viral marketing in search of the new medium. Meanwhile, they require potential customer base and wider audience which is highly possible through social media. In prior to the attempt of analyzing the effectiveness of viral marketing, the concepts like CRM, the importance of CRM, several techniques of viral marketing, social media marketing strategies, and establishing brand awareness through social media are explored in detail. An emerging concept social CRM (Customer Relationship Management) integrates social media and traditional CRM to provide benefits for both customers and organizations and this has been paid much attention to achieve long-term customers. This paper attempts to present a review of scholarly literature on viral marketing and marketing strategies of social media in the way building a strong relationship with the customer and to find opportunities of creating brand awareness by tracking the responses of customers like word-of-mouth. The need for further study and their scope of improvement will also be accentuated in this paper.

Education is an important vehicle of Indian economy and one of the most important needs of human beings. All developing countries are under great pressure to minimize the public expending on higher education. The main function of higher education is to add real value to human resources and produce wealth creators and leaders in all fields like business, professions, politics, administration etc. In this paper researcher wants to explore the positive and negative effective effects of privatization in higher education in India. This Paper is based on secondary data, but somewhere we have taken interviews with educationists and professionals and also done survey to know the actual status of it.

Education is the process of development in which efforts are made for all-round development of a child. Education involves three processes, Teaching, Training, and Instruction. The learning experiences are provided with the help of the activities for bringing desirable behavioral change among students. The learning situations are generated by teaching tasks in which a student gain new experiences and has to do something this is the objective of teaching learning. An outline of the content in the narrow sense is called as curriculum, or syllabus. The teaching structure is based on the format of curriculum and the pivot of education is the curriculum. The curriculum is based on the social philosophy which is changing phenomenon. The purpose of the study was to find out the impact of model physical education curriculum on bio-motor development of coordination among 12 year (under13years) preadolescent dexterous boys. To achieve the purpose 40 right hand dominance preadolescent boys with the age category of 12 years from Dream Land educational institute Kulgam district, Jammu Kashmir, India were selected as subjects at random and, the selected subjects were divided in to two groups namely physical training (n=20) and control (n=20). The physical training group underwent training for 45 min4 days15 weeks. The collected data were analyzed by using ANCOVA and the magnitude of Improvement was also calculated to find out the level of improvement on dexterous. Level of significance was fixed at 0.05. The result of the study shows that the model physical education curriculum helps to improve the hand strength maximum of dexterous boys.

Values are the reflection of the highest principle of mind and thought, and can even be said to be a part of spiritual domain of the individual. They play a very important role in the life of adolescents to varied behaviors. Schools and the teachers there have to give him lessons in universal brotherhood, respect for all religions. There is a need of proper counseling in schools so that students may inculcate values, which helps them to be better person. The study found out that the students of secondary schools of Bhopal have very high economic and power value and have high religious and family prestige value. Gender also plays a significant role in having democratic value and health value, whereas there is significant difference between students from urban and rural areas in religious, social, hedonistic, power and family prestige value.

This case study revolves around the harrowing, unethical, unprofessional and being cheated experience of a patient and his family members in a well known Private hospital. All names are pseudonyms. The patient and their family members description about the hospital, its billing and their “Director level” doctors? About the Un-paralleled business ethics practiced by doctors who rather practice business than medicine. Little did the patient know that he will be experiencing clinical care that is influenced by a morgue? Disclaimer This case was prepared by the author for the sole purpose of aiding classroom discussion. Cases are not intended to serve as endorsements, or sources of data, or illustrations of effective or ineffective management. Certain names and information could have been disguised to maintain confidentiality.

The application of ICTs in political, economical and social issues can have a significant impact on development. Information and Communications Technologies are the set of all the available technologies that can be used to disseminate information so that the communications becomes easy to comprehend. It is emerging as a powerful tool for empowerment of the all sectors of the society.. The Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) as a tool for development has attracted the sustained attention of the Indian government. India is one of the largest democracies in the world and it’s the matter of great pride. It has got the representation of thousands of socio cultural religious groups and therefore it represents largest groups of minorities also . The issues of minorities for development has been an important agenda as in India minorities are facing lots of trivial issues that questions on exercising of their political rights. Many policies have been made for making the minorities women empowered for their political issues. But in reality there is, however, a big gap between noble intentions and actual realizations. Through this paper the author wants to discuss the present status of political awareness of minority women in India and the problems faced in making them aware. And in order to make them aware of their political rights it is realized that it is imperative to disseminate information by usage of various media that can reach to the areas where positive interventions are required. Therefore this paper presents the critical analysis of how ICTs have acted as a powerful catalyst for political, economical and hence social empowerment of women and the promotion of gender equality of minorities group which became one of the main aims of millennium development goals (United Nations 20053). The study used critical analysis of the observations, group discussions and review of documents to collect secondary and primary data.

This paper is highlights the survey of conducted in special libraries functioning in the Bhopal, to find out the adaptation of information communication technology of special libraries in Bhopal, Researcher find out uses of ICT in special libraries through survey method using structured questionnaire. In this study are includes uses of computer hardware, library software packages (for automation) and ICT applications.

This report provides an overview and key findings of a survey study conducted to assess the effectiveness and reach of Dastak Campaign conducted from 16th to 30th Nov 2016 in Madhya Pradesh by Department of Health and Family Welfare, Govt of Madhya Pradesh. The report outlines areas of strength, areas that require attention and action and Districts' comparison information of Dastak Campaign to help State Government respond to and act on the findings, thereby enhancing effectiveness and service delivery to the community. The objective of this survey study is to gather information with a better understanding of Front line workers engagement in Dastak Campaign, reach of Dastak team to community for screening and other services as designed and identification of areas of strength and where focus to be given further to improve in Dastak Campaign. Feedback received from this study will be used to determine whether the objectives of the Dastak Campaign are achieved, facilitate improvements and develop recommendations for future initiatives by Govt of Madhya Pradesh. Study revealed that result on different indicators are not same in all districts as some districts performed nicely, but some districts performance was poor or at mediocre level. Hence, focus should be given on the poor and mediocre performing districts fiirt her in next phase of Dastak Campaign.

Crude oil is the most important natural resource of the industrialized nations. It can generate heat, drive machinery, fuel vehicles and airplanes. The oil producing nations, with their history of booms and busts, are in the deepest downturn since the 1990s, if not earlier. They have been making millions or billions of dollars from the higher prices but are now finding themselves in trouble. One of the main reasons behind this changing oil prices is fall in demand of oil in the international market. United States domestic production has nearly doubled over the last several years, pushing out oil imports that need to find another home. Saudi, Nigerian and Algerian oil that once was sold in the United States is suddenly competing for Asian markets, and the producers are forced to drop prices. Also with the emerging technologies vehicles are becoming more energy-efficient. So, demand for fuel is lagging. The high price of oil is partly to blame. And because of the steep oil price, many countries have decided to save oil by using less of it. The result is that today the world is awash with oil simply because the demand for it has gone down. Its impact can be seen in all the major economies of the world as well as on the major industries and stock markets. It's having a great impact on Russia, the U.S., Saudi Arabia, Europe and Asian Countries. The 3 major areas of economic consequences due to fall in oil prices are-the impact on inflation, consumer spending, and auto sales. It has proved to be a boon for many countries while curse for other sectors and economies. India one of the greatest emerging economies and the major importer of crude oil have a net positive effect on the economy due to low prices of crude oil. Lower oil prices will cut inflation, and bring down our Current Account Deficit but it also has its downsides. It will affect the exporters of petroleum producers in the country. The current case discusses in detail the various reasons about the recent fall in oil prices, factors affecting its demand and supply, impact on oil importing and exporting countries as well as on Indian economy.

The present study focuses on social & aesthetic value of high school teachers in terms of gender. The variables undertaken for the study with respect to economic conditions and time bound confined to social values & aesthetic values of High School Teacher In Terms of Sex in the year 2009-10 under Barkatullah University, Bhopal. The survey type of research study delimited for sample size, schools, area and time. The findings are as 1. Male high school and female high school teachers significantly differ in their mean social values scores. 2. Male private high school and female private high school teachers significantly differ in their mean social values scores. 3. Male Govt. high school and female private high school teachers not significantly differ in their mean social values scores. 4. Male high school and female high school teachers significantly differ in their mean aesthetic values scores. 5. Male private high school and female private high school teachers significantly differ in their mean aesthetic values scores. 6. Male government high school and female government high school teachers differ significantly in their mean aesthetic values scores.

Tourism is an indwelling tower of strength of the ambitious Make in India programme. Tourism plays an important part in the economic development in the country. Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries of the world. It also leads to the national integration and international brotherhood. Tourism has been emergence as an agent of development and economic growth. Tourism is enriched to develop and grow considering the historical heritage and rich culture, terrains and beautiful places spread across the country. By considering the advantages of tourism like growth in service sector, economic growth, generation of employment and cultural exchange which put tourism in the limelight of ambitious Make in India campaign. This paper discusses the importance on tourism in make in India. This paper also explore that there has been a tremendous growth in tourism in India.

Right to free and compulsory Education to Children Act 2009 addresses the School Management and Community Support to improve the Quality of Education and its practice in the classrooms. SMCs in each school are established to extend support in School management and academic activities in the school. Madhya Pradesh is a big state, the Demographic, geographical, Social and cultural diversity and Educational background of community distresses the functioning of SMC and implementation of rules of RTE. This study tries to observe the functioning of SMC and identify the Strength, weakness, difficulties and challenges of SMC in playing its role in improving the quality of Education in context of RTE action govt. primary schools situated in urban, Semi Urban and Rural areas of Madhya Pradesh. Necessary suggestions will also be provide to make them even vibrant.

Aim of this article is to look into the provisions of newly amended Juvenile Justice Act This Act received president assent on 31s' December, 2015 and was enacted to consolidate and amend the law relating to the child and provide basic needs through proper care, protection, development, treatment, social re-integration by adopting a child friendly approach with the help of various institutions and bodies under the act. So, with the help of this article an approach has been made to understand the salient features followed by some necessary criticism to evaluate the act.

Plea bargaining as a concept was introduced in Indian criminal justice system by the Criminal Laws (Amendment) Act, 2005, on the recommendation of Mali math Committee. Ever since its introduction, the concept has been a subject of debate. While some criticize it on the ground that it violates fundamental rights of the accused, others hail it as instrumental in ensuring speedy disposal of cases. In this light, the paper throws light on the relevant provisions relating to Plea Bargaining in Indian criminal law as well as judicial attitude towards this concept.

Stars are often used as symbols for classification purposes. They are used by reviewers for ranking things and positions such as electronics and electrics items, movies. TV shows, restaurants and hotels, Police and military [army and navy for the staffs] and other items which are directly related to environment. The star rating practices are not in use for the companies in India or in the world but from last one decade some corporate mutual fund houses are using Star word for ranking of various mutual fund schemes. In this study I am suggesting a model that examines investors' reliance on financial statement information, their perception of the frequency of fraud occurrence, the importance they place on fraud risk assessment as an investment activity, and, ultimately, their use of fraud red flags.. For this purpose I have developed a score card which can help in the corporate rating. This paper mainly discussed the importance of SPEAFP score card in star rating. Stars are often used as symbols for classification purposes. They are used by reviewers for ranking things and positions such as electronics and electrics items, movies, TV shows, restaurants and hotels, Police and military [army and navy for the staffs] and other items which are directly related to environment. For example, one to five stars is commonly employed to categorize hotels and restaurants, same as in police and army department three star is given to the inspectors and in mutual fund schemes Jive star or seven star given to the highly liquid and safe fund .In electronics and electrical items fire star rating is given to more energy saver product and one star rating is given to highly energy consumable product The star classification system is a common one for rating hotels and mutual fund schemes. In hotels higher star ratings indicate more luxury while in mutual fund it indicates best performed fund in a relating year. The star rating practices are not in use for the companies in India or in the world But from last one decade some corporate mutual fund houses are using Star word for ranking of various mutual fund schemes. Now my question is that Why? , we not use this word for the rating of Indian Corporate sectors. It is the need of hour, because in fast growing and changing financial environment investors of the company cannot judge companies' actual financial and non-financial performance or image on the basis of information given in the annual report. Suppose one company or companies' management having political relation with political leaders of ruling party. When political person gives unfair advantages to the company or management of the company, the performance of the company may increase and the market prices of company's share increase also but when news comes in the market about political relation with the management of company with ruling party or any political person, the market price of the company's may fall suddenly and company and its shareholders losses investment amount, like DLF, Jindel and steel power ltd and Indian cement ltd. So we must rank to the all corporate sectors which are playing in Indian financial market and listed their shares in BSE and NSE. For this purpose I have developed a score card which can help in the corporate rating. This paper mainly discussed the importance of SPEAFP score card in star rating.

Axis Bank is the third largest private sector bank in India. The Bank offers the entire spectrum of financial services to customer segments covering Large and Mid-Corporate, MSME, Agriculture and Retail Business. Mission of this research work is related to Customer Certainty, Ethics, Transparency, Teamwork, and Ownership. Axis Bank is one of the first new generation private sector banks to have begun operations in 1994. The Bank was promoted in 1993, jointly by Specified Undertaking of Unit Trust of India (SUUTI) (then known as Unit Trust of India), Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC), National Insurance Company Ltd., The New India Assurance Company Ltd., The Oriental Insurance Company Ltd. and United India Insurance Company Ltd. The shareholding of Unit Trust of India was subsequently transferred to SUUTI, an entity established in 2003. With a balance sheet size of Rs. 5, 25,468 corers as on 31st March 2016, Axis Bank has achieved consistent growth and stable asset quality with a 5 year CAGR (2010-77 to 2075-76) of 77% in total assets, 14% in total deposits, 19% in total advances and 19% in net profit. Under this study the researcher include the few major areas of AXIS Bank such as HRD Cell, Organization Structure, promoters, capital structure, distribution network, retail banking Corporate Credit, information Technology, financial inclusion etc.

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) has a glorious past wherein this method was put forth in both - pre and post liberalization period with the different targets to be achieved. In former it was used as an effective tool by the government for rejuvenates the ailing units. Latterly in order to combat with the fierce competition by local as well as international players, business enterprises employed this technique. With the passage of time, M&A has gained popularity amongst local and global players from the diverse sectors for attaining growth. The present paper studies the impact of M&A in the long run by computing and comparing Return on Assets (ROA) as per Du Pont Framework for twelve years — six years pre and six years post-merger on the sample of seven companies that caters to Consumer Goods and Information Technology sector and have done M&A in F.Y. 2004-20052004-2005, 2005-2006 and 2006 -2007 and are yet operating. After applying the Du Pont Framework, the results found depicted the mixed effect of M&A on the all three ratios and was company centric and not particular to any sector.

The present investigation aims at studying the attitude towards teaching profession of Upper primary school teachers. The study was conducted in Bhopal District and covered 100 teachers. When attitude towards teaching profession of these teachers was considered as the dependent variable; the variables like gender, localities and teaching experience were considered as independent variable. The tool used was Teacher Attitude Inventory (TAI) developed by S.P. Ahluwalia (2006). The collected data were analysed with statistical techniques such as mean, standard deviation, and `1-test. The results revealed that these teachers had favorable attitude towards the leaching profession. Further, it was found that the variables such as locality and teaching experience had no influence on their attitudes towards the teaching profession while female teachers showed better results of their attitudes towards their teaching profession than the male teachers.

This Research Paper examines business procedures of youth enterprise, their difficulties and challenges faced by new organizations and firms. Business enterprise has developed new aptitudes like going out on a limb, masterminding the capital and tolerating the benefit of person. The point is to highlight the different commitments of the business enterprise administrative aptitudes from the viewpoint of local monetary advancement. After a wide review, specific consideration is given to the provincial activity space of business visionaries, including their social and spatial system association. The paper closes with a future research plan.

Discussion on sustainable economy took place decades back, but due to the continuously devastating environment and changes in the climate gave the birth to Green Economy. Green Economy has now become the global agenda. On June 2012, Major UN Conference was held on Sustainable Development and the central theme was Green Economy. According to United Nations Environment Program, Green Economy is a system of economic activities which included production, distribution and consumption of goods and services which help in the development of human welfare for a longer period of time without affecting the need of future generation and reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcity. The research paper focuses, how Green economy affects the various sectors like Agriculture, employment, Preservation of Biodiversity as well as Business. It is a descriptive research which will highlight the role of the Green economy in nurturing the diverse sectors of a Developing country.

Entrepreneurial spirit is not a male prerogative. Women entrepreneurship has gained momentum in the last three decades with the increase in the number of women enterprises and their substantive contribution to economic growth. The industrial performance of Asia-Pacific region propelled by Foreign Direct Investment, technological innovations and manufactured exports has brought a wide range of economic and social opportunities to women entrepreneurs. In this dynamic world, women entrepreneurs are an important part of the global quest for sustained economic development and social progress. The present paper is a small attempt to understand the viewpoints of various researchers towards the term entrepreneurship in general and also with women perspective and also to define various angles they have covered in their studies. The prime objective of the research paper is to critically understand various researchers point of view towards the term entrepreneurship in general and women entrepreneurship in specific. For the purpose of study secondary data has been gathered and descriptive research method is being used.

आज की सामाजिक आर्थिक और सांस्कृतिक परिस्थितियों में शैक्षिक उपलब्धि सबसे अधिक महत्व रखती है। प्राचीन काल से ही विद्यार्थियों की उपलब्धि परीक्षा किसी -न-किसी रूप में होती रही हैं। जब गुरू के पास विद्यार्थी ज्ञानार्जन के उद्देश्य से जाते थे, तो पहले उन्हे आश्रम में रहना पडता था, जिससे उनके ज्ञान एंव जिज्ञासाभाव की परीक्षा ली जा सके। तक्षशिला और नालंदा में जो विद्यार्थी प्रवेश पाना चाहते थे उन्हे पण्डित द्वारा पूछे गये प्रश्नों के उत्तर देना होते थे। आधुनिक समय में स्कूलों में औपचारिक शिक्षा की शेरूआत से ही उपलब्धि पर विशेष महत्व दिया जाता है। जब से शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में व्यक्तिगत भिन्नता के विचार को महत्व मिला, तब से यह आवश्यक समझा जाने लगा कि बालकों की व्यक्तिगत विशेषताओं एवं उनके द्वारा अर्जित ज्ञान के आधार पर शिक्षा की व्यवस्था की जानी चाहिए। अतः स्कूलों में उपलब्धि के आधार पर छात्र का चयन और विभेदीकरण किया जाता है, जिससे उनके विकास का मार्ग प्रशस्त हो सके। स्कूलों से बहुत से छात्र कालेज व उच्च शिक्षा के लिए कई संस्थानों में जाते है। अतः यह सुनिश्चित करना आवश्यक है कि बालकों मे आवश्यक योग्यता है या नहीं तभी वे उच्च शिक्षा का लाभ उठा सकेंगे। स्कूलो में बालकों के उपलब्धि स्तर को निश्चित करना शैशिक्ष व्यवस्था का एक महत्वपूर्ण कर्त्तव्य है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में इस विषयक भोपाल संभागन्तर्गत समग्र मूल्याकंन के क्रियान्वयन में शिक्षकों की कठिनाईयों के अध्ययन को प्रतिपादित किया गया है। 

आजकल टेलीविजन बच्चों के दृष्टिकोण और मूल्यो के निर्धारण में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभा रहा है। आज का यूग विज्ञान का युग है। विज्ञान ने इंसान की जिंदगी बदल कर रख दी है। विज्ञान एंव तकनीकी विकास हमारी रोजमर्रा की जिंदगी में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका अदा करतें है। दूरदर्शन दर्शको के उदारवादी संचार माध्यम के रूप में अच्छा प्रभाव डालता है। अधिकतर बच्चे अपना जीवन टेलीविजन के ईर्द गिर्द पाते है। अधिकतर अविभावक अपने बच्चों के अध्ययन एंव भविष्य के बारे में चिन्ताग्रस्त रहते है। क्योकि अधिकतर बच्चे नाश्ता, खाना, खेलना, सोने के समय तक चुम्बक की तरह दूरदर्शन के निकट रहते है। अभिभावक बच्चों द्वारा लगातार टेलीविजन देखने के कारण उनके उपर हो रहे नकारात्मक प्रभाव के कारण चिंताग्रस्त रहते है। परंतु आजकल टेलीविजन से बच्चों का बौद्धिक विकास आध्यात्मिक विकास, नैतिक विकास एंव मूल्यों पर सकारात्मक प्रभाव भी पड़ते है। क्योकि एक सिक्के के दो पहलू होते है अच्छाई और बुराई। कहा जाता है कि लोग अच्छा रास्ता कम चुनते है, गलत रास्ता जल्दी नजर आता है। आजकल आधुनिकीकरण एवं महगाई के कारण माता पिता, दोनों ही काल पर जाते है। महिलाओं को घर के बाहर जाना पड़ता हैं आजकल संयुक्त परिवार के विघटन एंव एकाकी परिवार के चलन होने के कारण बच्चों को अकेला रहना पड़ता है। इसलिए टेलीविजन दादी-दादा नानी -नाना इत्यादि की तरह परिवार की कमी पूरी करता हैं। कार्टून का शाब्दिक अर्थ : मजाक, विनोदी ड्राइंग या व्यंग्य में ही आमतौर से प्रयोग किया गया। वर्तमान में कार्टून कला है, जो ड्राइंग चित्र या इलेक्ट्रॉनिक मीडिया और एनीमेटेड डिजिटल कार्टून आदि से सम्बन्धित है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में इस विषयक बच्चों में परानुभूति के विकास एंव महत्व को प्रतिपादित किया गया है। 

वित्तीय क्षेत्र देश के समग्र विकास में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाता है। इस क्षेत्र का  मुख्य घटक वितीय संस्थाए है। जो निवल बचतकर्ताओं एंव निवल उधारकर्ताओं अर्थात उन लोगों से जो अपनी आमदनी से कम खर्च करते है, उन लोंगों को जो अपनी आमदनी से अधिक खर्च करते है, को संसाधनों के अंतरण का काम करता है। वित्तीय संस्थाए परंपरागत रूप से, अर्थव्यवस्ता की दीर्घावधि निधियों का एक प्रमुख स्रोत रही है। ये संस्थाएँ वाणिज्यिक क्षेत्र की विभिन्न जरूरतों को पूरा करने के लिए कई प्रकार के वितीय उत्पाद और सेवाएं प्रदान करती है। इसके अलावा, नए उद्यमियों लघु एंव मध्यम कर्मी तथा पिछडे़  इलाकों में स्थापित उद्योगों को सहायता प्रदान करती है। इस प्रकार, इन्होने व्यापक औद्योगिक विकास को प्रोत्साहन न देंते हुए क्षेत्रीय विषमताओं को कम करने मे मदद की है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र मे इस विषयक वितीय सेवाओं का व्यापक अध्ययन को प्रतिपादित किया गया है। इस शोधपत्र में वितीय सेवाओं के व्यापक अध्ययन को प्रतिपादित किया गया है। 

Emerging technologies are a matter not only of qualitative challenge but also of sheer quantitative overload. Web 2.0, gaming, wireless and mobile devices, virtual worlds, even Web 3.0 in all its unrealized potential—each churns out new developments daily and connects with other domains to ramp up the problem still further. How can those of us in higher education best understand new technologies? The phrases "emerging technologies" and "evolving technologies" remind us that the digital world is largely in flux. New devices, altered applications, and shifting practices keep crossing over the horizon—or quietly appearing in our midst. Deciding which technologies to support for teaching and learning—and how to support them—depends, first, on our ability to learn about each emerging development. Doing so is partly a matter of science fiction, which consists, after all, of the stories we tell about the future. This paper will introduce and explore methods for apprehending the future as it applies to the world of higher education and information technology.

E-Commerce is a medium of buying and selling of goods remotely i.e. using Internet as a mode of purchase.Internet now has become the key component of our fast moving lifestyles as e-commerce. This had resulted in many outcomes such as numerous choice of single product, retailing even without distribution network, reducing grey sales of product and decreasing marginsof sellers by the concept of direct sales from producer. As a consumers alsothis change had resulted in more and more use of internet to buy goods and demand the competitive pricing. I have also covered journey of ecommerce in last decade, key factors that influencing Ecommerce in India and outcomes of increasing penetration of Ecommerce. Expected market size from Ecommerce, upcoming changes which ecommerce market will witness and competition across banking and online retail segments

Parallel Economy means an illegal economic operation or otherwise known as black money. It represents a segment which is not legitimate. It practices those activities which are contrary to the principles of economic policy pursued in an economy. It is well-known that there is a large quantity of money, income and wealth which has been and is being made owned which is unaccounted in our tax system and therefore, has not suffered tax. This form of money is known as black money. Black money is not only the problem of Indian economy, but it also transcends the borders and has become a global dilemma. Recently, various studies have taken place under the Government of India to tackle the problem of black money in India. Those studies have revealed some astonishing facts about the black money market in India. In the last decade alone, India has lost approximately $125 billion in illegal money. A study has revealed that the black money even exceeds 10% of our Gross Domestic Product. When it comes to flow of black money worldwide, India is ranked in eighth. The flow of black money can seriously affect the entire economic system of India. Black Money causes the prices of commodities to increase to a level beyond normal. People with black money are able to give bribes to the administrators and politicians for getting whatever they want. To control the generation of black money there should be a strong and appropriate legislative framework.

The variables undertaken for this study are with respect to economic conditions and time bound confined for as Self Confidence, Job Satisfaction of High School Teacher In Terms Of Sex in the year 2011-12 under Barkatullaha University, Bhopal. The survey type of research study is delimited for sample size, schools, area and time. The findings are as 1. Malehigh school and female high school teachers significantly differ in their mean self-confidence scores. 2. Maleprivate high school and female private high school teachers significantly differ in their mean self-confidence scores. 3. MaleGovt.high school and female private high school teachers not significantly differ in their mean self-confidence scores. 4. Malehigh school and female high school teachers significantly differ in their mean job satisfaction scores. 5. Maleprivate high school and female private high school teachers significantly differ in their mean job satisfaction scores. 6. Malegovernment high school and female government high school teachers differ significantly in their mean job satisfaction scores.

This research paper is a comparative study of Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange during 2001-2013. A ready market for investments was need of the hour and this was how the Stock Exchange came into being. The health of the economy is reflected by the growth of stock market. Over the years, the Indian stock markets have become stronger. Presently, the Bombay Stock Exchange Limited and National Stock Exchange of India Limited put together account for 80% of the total turnover as compared to 10% by the other stock exchanges. So the researcher decided to compare these two most prominent stock exchanges of India.

Forests of India have been managed scientifically since 19th century. Forest policy of India has been guiding the sector to manage natural forests of the country sustainably. During the early and mid twentieth century, forests were managed on the principles of sustainable yield management. In the later stages of the century, the sector adopted progressive yield management to meet the requirements of forest industries besides demands from railways and domestic sector. Forests of India have been losing its productivity due to many reasons. One of the known reasons is being the poor investment and non-participation of local community in the management, who have been the bonafide users of forests. Due to loss of forest productivity, non-continuous flow of goods and services, these local communities are losing their livelihood base. Ecological and economic aspects of forests have been addressed under the comprehensive forest division level plan (working plan). But the monitoring of various initiatives of forest development and societal benefit is found to be lacking in the current system of forest management. The current system of forest accounting is not reporting the true contribution of the sector to the national economic development. Looking to these gaps and requirement of a monitoring system, the country has initiated Criteria & Indicators (C&I) approach for managing the forests sustainably. The C&I framework developed, helps to enhance stakeholders participation and define the sustainability of the forests by them. When data are collected for these indicators, and analyzed, it provides the direction of change. At the same time, it also helps to identify those aspects of management which requires more input and additional efforts. The paper demonstrate the use of C&I framework with help of a case study. The study not only enhances our knowledge about the forest resources, but also achieving the goal of sustainable forest management in the country.

The present study assesses the British resistance in Punjab by the Namdharis.

Over the past 15 years the Web has transformed the ways in which we search for information and use it. In more recent years, we have seen the emergence of a new array of innovative tools that collectively go under the name of ‘Web 2.0’, in which the information user is also increasingly an information producer (i.e., prosumer), by sharing or creating content.The success of Web 2.0 tools for personal use is only partially replicated in the professional sphere and, particularly, in the academic environment in relation with research and teaching.To date, very few studies have explored the level of adoption of Web 2.0 among academic researchers in their research and teaching activity. It is not known in what way how and how much Web 2.0 is currently used within research communities, and we are not aware of the drivers and the drawbacks of the use of Web 2.0 tools in academia, where the majority of people is focused either on research or on teaching activities. To analyse these issues, i.e. the combined adoption of Web 2.0 tools in teaching and research, the authors carried out a survey among teaching and researching staff and librarians of the different Engineering colleges Bhopal. The purpose of our survey was to explore the level of adoption of Web 2.0 tools among the academic communities. We were interested in investigating how they were using these tools in the creation of scientific knowledge both in their research and teaching activity. We were also interested in analysing differences in the level of adoption of Web 2.0 tools with regard to researchers’ position, age, gender, and research field. Finally, in our study we explored the issue of peer reviewing in the Web 2.0 setting. In particular, we investigated whether social peer review is regarded by researchers as a viable alternative to the current closed peer review system (single-blind or double blind).On the basis of sample this study can only be regarded as exploratory, but we still believe that they represent a complementary perspective with respect to previous studies.

This paper tries to analyze the cooperative sector in India with respect to its weaknesses, new challenges and the thrust areas to cope up with the globalization which came along with globalization. The era of 1990s saw a dramatic change in the Indian economy, when the new economic Policy introduced the concepts of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization in the country. This altered the Indian economy and affected all the sectors of the economy. Since the ancient times, the cooperative sector has been one of the building pillars of the Indian economy.

India has a huge population of uneducated children and the Constitution provides for free and compulsory education up to the age of 14. The country also has the dubious distinction of one of the highest levels of illiteracy in the world. The system of public education at all levels is in advanced stage of disrepair and disarray. Clearly, governments both at the Center and in the States need to allocate far more resources and attention on ensuring that future generations are equipped sufficiently to operate in a knowledge economy. As one is seeking to provide quality education, the process of accreditation as it exists in the country is assessed. Some indications of the level of public spending on higher education are also provided. Education is a trillion Dollar industry worldwide. Education industry groups are, therefore, attracted by the prospects of liberalization and globalization of this industry. They seek more international deregulation and generally support WTO efforts. As demands for higher education grow the world over, the governments are also finding it difficult to provide adequate budgetary allocation. For a public service such as education GATS at Doha was a stepping stone so that there is no discrimination against foreign corporations entering the service market. Further, after the fizzling of the dot.com bubble, corporations are looking forward to other service sectors for investments, education being one of them. Higher Education provisioning is now globalised and in many ways, a commercialized affair and the way that the State had in the goings on is vastly diminished. According to the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the growth is now soaring: 2 million universities studentsapproaching 2% of the world's total of around 100 million studying outside their home country in 2013. Since the late 1990s the higher education market is growing by 7 per cent a year. The Economist Survey on higher education further indicates that annual fee income alone is estimated at $ 30 billion. While private profit seeking companies have entered the education business, even government-controlled universities are seeking independence from governmental authority. In this paper, some indications of the level of public spending on higher education are also provided. A case is also made to highlight the need for promoting a knowledgebased economy. International experiences in managing the money that is engaged in funding higher education have been studied to derive lessons for India as a major constraint to private sector provisioning of higher education is the availability of adequate funds.

Over the past decade, there has been a momentous and dire increase in the incidence and prevalence of children with developmental disabilities. This has raised concerns and stirred the interest of significant people like parents/carers, teachers, doctors, allied health professionals, and all those related to the cause of improving the quality of life of these children. There has been some remarkable work in this field with increasing awareness among parents/carers, professionals and the community in general. Lot of the focus has been on developing systems and resources to enhance the process of rehabilitating these children and including them in the mainstream society. Over time, various professionals and organizations have experimented, in their own respective areas of interest and Specializations, on a variety of methodologies in a quest to find the optimal strategy of working with children to enhance their quality of life. There are presently many schools/organizations and governmental and non-governmental clinics/hospitals and various other systems that are providing undoubted quality of rehabilitation services. We are also witnessing a rapid growth in the number of institutions and organizations dedicated to the advocacy of the cause. In spite of all the goodwill, hard work and dedication of the people involved, we still seem to be inadequately equipped to support this surge. It leads a question to the society that which type of the system we need? In the specific reference of the Special l Education we are trying to cope up with the child’s specific need.)

India a secular and democratic country is regarded as a model of pluralistic society, which is reflected in its cultural, pluralized of various religion, castes, languages and regions. About 82% of the Indian Population follows Hinduism and 15% Islam. Its plurality is visible in four fold Verna system (Brahmin, Khstriya, Vishay, shudra) and about 5000(five thousand) Castes and sub casts. Now the segmental excepts of the traditional four fold Verna system is reflected in terms of four major caste groups created by the Modern participatory Democratic political system such as the scheduled caste (Sc 16.73%) the scheduled Tribes (St 7.95%) other backward classes (OBC 52%) and the rest as upper caste or forward caste (estimated 23%). These four modern caste categories also include social segment of the minorities 2 The Judicial pronouncement with regal to backward classes of citizens has created round on two points. The first is the identification of backward classes of people and second is fixation of quota of reservation in employment of government services. To achieve the goal of social justice state is empowered to provide reservation to the weaker section of society but the reservation is not absolute and unconditional, it cannot be motivated to achieve political goal.

Due to invention of printing press there has been an explosion in the recorded knowledge .This explosion has needed to arrange the documents. Documentalist and computer expert make a system to arrange the document. These documents spread over the world through computer technology .This technology known Information Technology. Information Technology is currently taking center stage and transforming a whole world into a global village with a global economy. Information Technology reduce the time, distance, space, and so many things. This paper discussed the impact of Information Technology in libraries.

Decision making is always a crucial aspect for any business organization. Irrespective of level of operations one has to probe deep into all the obstacles that may come into the way and probable outcome of the final way opted for. However the business size affects the decision making process. Decision making is an imperative and eternal part of any business, be it innovating/inventing a product, expanding/narrowing the scope of business, entering into new segment/product, mobilization and deployment of funds, manpower requirement, finalizing the location, analyzing the right market, and what not. Previous experience is a major determinant that plays an important role for making a final choice. This case is about Harsh who after having worked hard for more than 31 years in the field of sesame seeds and oil business is now going through difficult times. He is looking to start with some new business. With the available resources and rich blend of experience he is planning to start a small or mid-sized business in his small city Bali. The case is qualitative and primary in nature and has developed by interviewing Harsh personally. Additional information has been gathered by visiting Bali in person in order to know about the population mix, life style and the business circumstances of the city.

Single cell protein an invisible microscopic Covid-19 virus mortality = Virus Fear, Loss of life, uncertainty of future, social and economic dynamics fatigue failure due to shear tangential stress. The Covid-19 helplessness and hopelessness = Cry and Pray of all human beings, spiritual positive praying of the all other living beings of the earth, its environment and mother earth's creations, thus come out of Coved-19 as winner with living life fairness to mother earth with redirected future and life values as all living beings of this earth have equal rights and only human beings could not be an exception. The collective cry and prayer of all human beings finally = Improvement of pollution and negativity of the world's mind and then mind of human beings so that the mind control quotient of all living beings of the world becomes synchronized to the universe needs with the positive initiatives of filtering out the cruelty for the world's animals, environment and the nature and thus shall have value added positive impact on the universe. Today watch the melody of the pollution free rivers flowing towards the ocean with the confidence of not  polluting the ocean, feel  the animals eternal happiness due to reduction of higgledy-piggledy, blissfully feel the bliss of the sky blessing the environment with the clear and pure vision.

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) affects millions of people worldwide, and appears to be increasing in prevalence.Not only discomfort but also increased impairment, depressive effects and decreased quality of life were correlated with it. This paper is intended to assess the effectiveness of yoga therapy in lower back pain relief. This was an experimental study.The data were obtained from the research participants by means of the standardized questionnaire utilizing the Likert scale. The study was performed on 60 adults selected as per the inclusion criteria. The results have signified that majority of the respondents (i.e., 50%) belongs to the age group 36-40 years. The study respondents were similar with respect to socio-demographic and medical characteristics. The findings revealed that yoga therapy significantly relieves lower back pain in adults (p-value <0.005). The research has concluded that yoga therapy has a significant influence in relieving lower back pain.

Every business firm requires funds for its day to day operations. Funds are of two type’s long term funds and short term fund s, long term funds are required for purchasing assets for production. Short term funds are needed to purchase raw materials, payment of wages, any other day to day expenses. In other words we can say working capital means short term finance required for current assets cash, marketable securities, debtors and inventories. The position of working capital of Markfed in starting year of study is quiet satisfactory but after two years of study period it becomes unsatisfactory.

Everyone has the right to education. “RTE” is one of the most fundamental rights of any human. Free-education must be provided at least of elementary level. The “Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009” was established in the year 2009 by the government of India. This made education mandatory for all in the age range of 6 to 14 years, until they have completed their basic education. As soon as the RTE was established, it was expected that the quality of education in schools will improve and better educational facilities will be provided to the students in all the schools.

Through this study, it is attempted for exploring the role and responsibilities of teachers in implementing “RTE Act 2009” and awareness over “RTE” amongst parents and the teachers teaching in the schools. The study carried out is an expressive study and the collection of data for this study is made with the help of various questionnaires which was made to attain the qualitative measures of the study. The most significant aim of this research is to point out the role of teachers and parents in implementing RTE Act.

Skill India is not the only event turnaround program. Here, unemployed youth, colleges and school leavers, from villages and cities, will all be given the right boost. Testaments are issued to people who complete a particular skill or program and this permission must be seen by all offices and private entities, including overseas organizations. Skill India is a national program. In some cases, the aim is to create better opportunities, space and extension to develop the skills of the Indian youth and to increase the number of those areas that have been well developed over the years and moreover to see its impact on the youth. The focus of the new program was to provide for the preparation and management of the country's 500 million youth by 2020, covering each city. In this way, skills are essential for human development and the nation's economy. In this regard, a number of studies have been conducted to evaluate and evaluate the impact of skills development programs on youth development. This paper will provide a comprehensive review of courses related to skills development. The proposed research is more comprehensive in nature based on secondary data and information collected from the sources of concern and in terms of research need.

Novelists and writers express human sentiments and aspects of life or convey a particular perspective what is in their hearts. The novels of ChetanBhagat do both. In his novels, Bhagat describes a genuine narrative, mixed with real occasions and a serious, dull base. His language resonates with the youth and gains him immense popularity. His work centers around the youth and their issues. He has shown his profound concern over today's youth in every book, namely, the challenges, aspirations and objectives. He normally talks about methods for his composition about young people's fears and apprehensions, and all things that distract them.In socially moderate India, his compositional subjects include parental scholarly weight, along with premarital sex, drinking and various other tabooed subjects .The author has painted the picture of the young generation of India and the malpractices in the society in his all novels. Five Points someone (2004) criticizes the Indian education system which is based on the bookish knowledge only. His second novel One Night @ the Call Center (2005) depicts the Indian youth fighting against some odds for career in commercial sector. The third novel The 3 Mistakes of My Life (2008) throws light on the sport, commerce and communal carnage on the name of religion. Bhagat’s fourth novel 2 States: The Story of My Marriage (2009) discusses the issue of cultural conflict. His fifth novel Revolution 2020: Love, Corruption, Ambition (2011) delineates the hot topic of corruption in education. Recently, Chetan Bhagat has published his sixth novel Half Girlfriend (2015) cantering the youth. Thus, almost all of his novels are overloaded with social realism and the youth shading light on their ambitions, struggle, love affairs, marriage institutes, corrupt politics and media culture.

The risk of global recession due to COVID19 in 2020-2021 will be very high. Not only India, the whole world facing this pandemic situation.  Government is also dealing with this dangerous situation. Some important rules gave by the Ministry of home affairs like social distancing, wearing mask, continuing wash your hands etc. After lockdown 1 when government announced unlock 1 and 2 process they excluded agri business, workers can go to work and permission to open agri input shops. But still lack of labour, transportation, unavailability of resources, less demand and poor supply these major difficulties faced by Indian economy. The agriculture sector also not untouched by these difficulties. But the government of India announced 20 lakh crore Remedial plans for this sector to face this pandemic situation.  Finally researcher resulted that this pandemic situation will also give great experience and opportunities for Indian economy.

LBP is normal during pregnancy and affects about 50% of pregnant women. Yoga is a common method of exercising the mind to relieve unidentified low back pain. This paper is intended to analyse the impact of yoga / routine treatment on back pain through an experimental study with the structured questionnaire using Likert scale. The study was performed on 50 pregnant women as per the inclusion criteria which revealed that the reduction in back pain in pregnant women was substantially influenced in yoga (p-value <0.005). The study showed that the impact of yoga was important in minimising lower back pain and enhancing lower back functionality.

Unemploymentoccurs when people are without work or actively seeking work. The problem of unemployment is ruining the future of Kashmiri youth. Unemployment can be chronic underemployment and or disguised unemployment. Reports and ground realities tells us that menace of unemployment among the educated youth of JammuandKashmir has touched the new heights with lakhs of candidates applying for few advertised posts by recruiting agencies. There are many frustrating cases among the educated youth of Kashmir, who face the daily competition from the thousands of the people. In this paper attempt has be made to examine the rates and causes of unemployment among the educated youth of Jammu and Kashmir with special focus on pulwama district. More than 1 billion are globally in the age group of 15 and 24. Eighty five percent of these young people are living in developing countries most of them are living in villages where there is more threat of extreme poverty. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimates that approximately 74 million young women and men are unemployed throughout the world. In Kashmir more than 80 percent youth depend on public sector for employment, many young people are working are working for long hours are  long hours for low pay, struggling to survive . The employment structure is baised towards the tertiary sector in Jammu and Kashmir

This paper examines scholarly research papers on definitions and conceptual theories with the purpose to find evolutionary patterns in social entrepreneurship research field. A total of 139 conceptual and theoretical research papers were filtered out from total bigger drawn pool of 549 research papers on social entrepreneurship and social enterprise research field and quantitative analysis was carried out. It is concluded that due to lack of consensus on definitions and conceptual frameworks in this research field, concrete theory development followed by validation has not been there as much as compared to traditional entrepreneurship research field. Though there has been significant increase in theoretical and conceptual research in this field, there have been vast disagreements on the boundaries of this field. More rigorous and formal research work is required to build consensus to take this field forward. This study will provide theoretical and conceptual research trend to research scholars, which may provide future research direction in this field to create consensus on the boundary of this research field.

After CSR reporting has become mandatory for certain companies, reports of nearly all listed companies have a section for CSR. But, engagement of those to which it materially affects i.e. its stakeholders is ignored.  CSR is gaining importance because companies are viewing it as a tool of strategic value creation. In view of this, efforts have been made to analyse steps taken by Infosys to communicate and engage their stakeholders to strengthen relationship of trust. For this purpose, Annual Report of Infosys for the year 2017-18 was thoroughly studied.

There was a time when people used to travel to markets which were located few kilometres away from their dwelling in order to purchase their required products, even there were special markets for specific products.Then the time came when mom and pop stores mushroomed and convenience for people increased, today we are living in an era where people even need not to visit the nearby retailers or give them a call to narrate the whole list of shopping because shopping is taking place through internet and any product whether it is convenience, shopping and speciality can be purchased through E-Retailing sites like Amazon, Flipkart, Wal-Mart, Snap deal, Shop clues, Big basket, Groffers  etc. therefore often some questions arise on what is making people to approach these e-tailing sites, which factors are prompting them to buy through these sites, whether these sites had acquired the attention of a particular section of society or they are appealing to masses, how the buying behaviour differs among various age-groups, occupation, gender, family size, income groups etc. when it comes to buying through E-Commerce sites. This study aims to answer these questions; it has been conducted on the people of Ahmedabad city with a sample size of 100 respondents including male and female both. In order to identify the factors prompting them to buy through E-Retailers multi variate test like factor analysis has been conducted and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test has been used to test the hypothesis.

In today’s ever-changing corporate world, organizations are looking to add new competence and skills to their core businesses. In order to achieve their organizational goals and performance, companies need to consider the human capital practices, and adopt a proactive approach to talent management. Considering the cut-throat competition, only those organizations can survive which has the ability to manage their people effectively and efficiently. Talent management has become one of the most important buzzword among the practitioners. A high performance workplace exists when everyone in the organization shares the same vision and values each other's contributions. Organizations’ success depends upon the commitment and performance of employees. Every organization has talent in form of human capital which must be developed and groomed constantly. Development of talent enables both job enrichment and job enlargement. Talent management strategies primarily include attracting, hiring, assessing, developing, rewarding and retaining talent, on the whole. Various organizations adopt different approaches towards managing talent. The literature review proved that business strategies play key role to achieve organizational performance in line with talent management strategies. Such understanding is relevant for researchers and practitioners to furthering the work in this domain.

Education is the right of every citizen of the country. An educated population is the capital of the country. Education leads to better livelihood and better standard of living of the people. Most of the population of BPL category lives in rural area as well as urban area but due to poor financial support they are not able to get right education. In order to support these mass people government launched Mid Day Meal scheme so that the attendance of students may not suffer due to poverty. This is a beautiful idea while imparting knowledge, education the Mid Day Meal becomes the boon to so many people. This article is focused on the evaluation of the government scheme for the schools, based on the financial factors.

Agriculture is the backbone of India. All changes in agriculture will result in the life of human and nature and vice-versa. There has been drastic change in the way we perform farming in past few decades. It is characterized mainly by the adopting of machinery and chemical technology in agriculture, replacing the traditional knowledge. The big change taken place during green revolution. Such change has resulted in environmental pollution, degradation of soil health, loss of bio-diversity and others. As the days went by, the farmers across. The nation has switched to modern agriculture without realizing the consequences the effects of modern agriculture has resulted in deterioration in soil quality, drastic impacts on availability of agriculture producer; besides impacting health and lifestyle of the people. Organic farming, which has been also known as traditional farming, has come as an alternative; still the farmers those who have been modern agriculture are hesitate to practice the Organic Farming. Hence, the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on organic farming largely influence their willingness to switch over to the organic farming. Thus, the present study focuses on the knowledge, attitude and practice on organic farming among the Bhopal districts.

This paper focused on to study the effect of scientific aptitude on Academic Achievement in Science Subject of Senior Secondary School Students. The main objective of research paper is to compare the scientific aptitude and Academic Achievement in male and female and correlation between the scientific aptitude and Academic Achievement in Science Subject of Senior Secondary School Students. Our sample size is 100 Senior Secondary School Students. The tool was used scientific aptitude scale made by S. Chatterjee and M. Mulerjee and use academic record (Science Subject) for Academic Achievement. The main finding of the study is girls are better than boys according their scientific aptitude and Academic Achievement in Science Subject and there is positive correlation between the scientific aptitude and Academic Achievement in Science Subject of Senior Secondary School Students. This means that the present study shows that the scientific aptitude is very important role in academic achievement in science subject and overall achievement. So that it is very necessary to develop scientific aptitude and attitude in students.

By 2021, India will have about 900 million people of ‘emerging middle and middle class’ segment, defiantly an opportunity / factor for retail sector growth. Until a decade back the need for daily grocery was fulfilled by local kirana store (mom & pop store) or hyper-local market/supermarket. Currently, most of the organized grocery stores are located in Metro and Tier-I cities, but with increasing incomes and urbanization, they are slowly expanding to TierII and Tire III cities as well.  Increased spending of the customers for household products as well as for lifestyle products is because of increase income of the consumers. Customers in most of the cities prefer to purchase grocery form a store have multiple product range and wider choice of products, convenience of purchase, picking the products from the shelf’s, shopping under one roof, and many other parameters. Preferences of the customer are changing; they go for the best available option in the market.  The parameters customers which affect customers purchasing grocery from the organized sector required to be assessed and how it is being related with their income, does it affect significantly or not.The broad objective of the study is to understand consumer preferences for the purchase of grocery from organized stores and to find out the factors for consumers preferences from organized retail stores.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Learning and Transfer of Training helps in prevention from Common Sports Injuries during Training period and while performance.  In this topic we discuss that learning and transfer of training is just like two faces of a coin which cannot be separated, Because without learning a student/player unable to learn any skills of a particular game or event and when he learns skills of a game then he apply particular skills in his/her game i.e. transfer of training and a players becomes master in his skill which helps in prevention from Common Sports Injuries during Training period and while performance. Because transfer of training means things learns in one situation and applied in another situations by using their own personal skills of a particular game for the attainment of good result. The study will sample comprise of 100 women players of J&K UT and Ladhak UT from Northern India.  It concludes that Learning and Transfer of Training plays a vital role in prevention from Common Sports Injuries during Training period and while performance. It acts as pivot in bringing about skilled.

The role of education has been considered as the single most important means for the individuals for bringing about socio-economic advancement through enlarging their available set of opportunities and choices, which provides sustained improvement in well being. Education is indispensable to the economic health of a good society. This is the most essential prerequisite for individual empowerment as well as the socio-economic and cultural development of the nation.  It cannot be denied that education is the best way to improve the health condition and the changes in mental status of women as well as for the social and economic advancement of the society. Education can improve the female condition and helpful for them to realize that they are an active and equal member of the society. They can play an important role in decision making and development process for nation building.   Without gender development and their active role in the society the nation cannot achieve true, realistic and faster development. Historically the education system was male mould and female should be treated inferior than male in developing society. And this disparity between sexes has therefore its origin from a very long past. The main aim of the present paper is to examine the gender differentials in education in Rohilkhand Region, of Uttar Pradesh state. The study is a descriptive survey based on both primary and secondary data.

Teaching is a very dedicated job. Teachers of Bhopal division and  the world are generally not satisfied with their job due to many problems like atmosphere of the work, challenging work place, payment issues, Timings, not regularly organized faculty development program, hygiene problems, behavior of the Institute etc. Teaching profession is a challenging work for this should be searches the satisfaction factors of teachers by the management so that teachers feel comfortable with their job.

Training and Entrepreneurship development are intricately related with each other. If we want to develop more and more entrepreneurs than we will have to provide opportunities for effective and worth while training. No doubt Entrepreneurship requires some inbuilt and inherent skills but the importance of training and development can't be underscored at any cost. Entrepreneurship development and training is one of the key elements for development of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), particularly, the first generation entrepreneurs. The National Institute of Small Industry Extension Training (NISIET), Hyderabad The Indian Institute of Entrepreneurship (IIE), Guwahati, and the National Institute of Entrepreneurship and

                Small Business Development (NIESBUD), NOIDA have been set up as national - level institutions for promotion of MSMEs through training and entrepreneurship development. To promote and assist entrepreneurship development in the country, the Ministry has also been implementing (in addition to the schemes of SIDO) two important schemes, namely, promotion of entrepreneurship development institutions (EDI) and scheme of National Entrepreneurship Development Board (NEDB).

The main objectives of these programmes are

1. promoting entrepreneurship for creating self-employment through enterprise creation;
2. Facilitating creation of training infrastructure; and
3. Supporting research of entrepreneurship related issues.

In Indian conditions the role of education is to transform a static society in to vibrant one with a commitment to development and change. It has been rightly said that an important ingredient of this metamorphosis is the emergence of a learning society in which people of all ages and all of sections not only have access to education but are involved in the process of continuing education. With this view so that all sections particularly the children with special needs. The role of generalist teacher is now affirmed as being an important component in the success or otherwise of inclusive education practice issues about the effectiveness of teacher preparation for working in inclusive classrooms have arisen. An evaluation of pre service teacher’s perceptions regarding their preparedness for inclusion had some interesting findings. It has been found that increasing knowledge about legislation and policy related to inclusion and improving levels of confidence in becoming inclusive teachers did not likewise address their concerns or perceived stress about having students with disabilities in their class. As universities re-evaluate their teacher preparation courses, a range of pertinent issues are identified that require consideration. With the complex and heterogeneous educational environment the challenges faced by the teaching profession are increasing day by day. Teachers need to have not only theoretical and practical knowledge but also the capacity to bring about optimal levels of learning for all students. In India the number of Disabled people is so large, their problem so complex, available resources so scarce and social attitudes so damaging, it is only legislation which can eventually bring about substantial change in a uniform manner. The main objectives of this study is to analyse how teacher education programmes prepares their teacher educators candidates for inclusive education classrooms for the students with special needs. Present study based on secondary data sources and reviews of previous researches.

Since ancient time, Agriculture and Animal Husbandry have been integral part of human life &civilization. This has satisfied personal needs of human directly and at the same time has been advantageous for whole ecology indirectly. Indian climate has characteristics to provide suitable conditions for animal husbandry in India. In India dairy industry has been considered a source for social and economic development. In our country supply of milk is ensured mostly by lacs of small and marginal farmers who prominently live in rural areas. The income generated from agricultural activity is seasonal but dairy Industry provides stable and regular income which act as important economic motivational force for small & marginal farmers.

Dairy industry is an important alternate for whole of the world facing challenges of food safety. In a country like India where climate & conditions are suitable for agriculture and animal husbandry, dairy industry can be upgraded at global level. India is well known as the “Oyster” of the global dairy industry. In India, dairy industry is witnessing rapid growth with liberalization. Indian dairy industry aims mainly management of national resources in order to enhance milk production and up gradation of dairy processing by usage of innovative technology.

Rural Women Entrepreneurship Development is necessary for the overall economic and social development of society as well as nation.  In spite of large negligence about the rural women’s entrepreneurial potential, managerial skill and socio-economic contribution, they are now increasingly run their own business.  In fact, development of women entrepreneurship is the base to empower the women. In present era, women are being empowered in both the area – socially as well as economically through business ownership due to gaining importance of globalization and economic liberalization in India. Now, it is necessary to pay high attention towards the economic empowerment of rural women not only for the real and sustainable development of our country, family and community but also for the women position in the society. This paper will present a view on parameters needed to enhance the rural women’s entrepreneurial skill and their empowerment.

India is a land of diversity where people of different culture and casts lives together. Among all the states of India Madhya Pradesh has its own beauty and attraction for National and International tourists. As it is situated in the centre of the country it is called as the hearts do India. It is among the 10 largest state of India. Area of M.P. is 3,08,252 km2. Further the State is well connected to other cities through rail, road and air. The government of Madhya Pradesh has taken many initiatives to develop the infrastructure facilities in the state. Madhya Pradesh Tourism Development corporation was established to give speedy growth to the tourism activities in the state. MPTDC is making many plans and policies to promote the tourist activities so that the heart of India can be known as the world tourist place of the world. There are many places to see in Madhya Pradesh but very easy to miss while planning for the trip or holiday.. In this paper the researcher tries to introduce the MPTDC and its role in promoting tourism in the state.

Heterosexuality is the socially approved and preferred mode of sexual orientation in India and the homosexual people had discriminated based on their Sexual Orientation. Homosexual people are facing so many problems from society due to sexual orientation and the people are targeted for verbal and physical violence and discrimination. The present study focused on the challenges due to social exclusion experienced by homosexual men in Kerala. The study has done in the selected districts of Kerala and descriptive research design and snowball sampling method were used to identit, the respondents in the selected district. The result proved that homosexual men had experienced exclusion and violence from all areas of life. The exclusion can negatively influence their physical and mental health.

The research paper high spots the issue of women hygiene products that are becoming a serious environmental issue due to the non-biodegradable raw materials. In the manufacturing of most sanitary pads raw materials like wood pulp, polyethylene etc are used consisting high carbon footprints poisoning habitat. Some firms use alternative absorbent fibres like bamboo, jute, banana fibre having lower level of carbon footprints. The findings of the paper have been based on a secondary comparative study of firms which produce eco-friendly sanitary napkins with those that use non-biodegradable raw materials. It has been found that the firms using eco-friendly raw materials cause a positive externality, whereas the latter cause a negative external effect. The paper uses primary data to analyse the women preference among synthetic and organic sanitary napkin and it has been found that only 14 of women population uses organic sanitary napkins and women prefer synthetic napkins more than organic sanitary napkins. The factors have been listed for detailed understanding. Further it uses municipal solid waste act to highlight the insufficiency of government in this context. The external effects of non-biodegradable sanitary napkins cause those to be considered as bad good.

In present scenario, merger and acquisition are tool for restructuring the business sector or corporate because of huge level of losses are borne by the entity due to non-recovery of nonperforming assets, doubtful debts and loss debts, huge amount incurred on research and development in case of pharmaceutical industry, which is the highly active as well as organized sector in India. Corporate restructuring consists of merger, acquisition takeover etc. This paper focuses on financial performance of the merger in Indian pharmaceutical industry a case of Pfizer and Wyeth ltd is a sample. Ratio analysis t-test are also used by the researcher for analyzing the financial performance of selected merger and its impact.

India is one of the highly affected economies by the climate changes in the recent past. Continuously rising temperatures, deteriorating weather conditions, unexpected floods, storms and other unfavorable environmental situations are result of changing climatic atmosphere. Carbon emission is among the most important reasons for the climate change. Thus low carbon emitting activities have become the dire need of the day. Although RBI mandated the banks to devote some loans for financing green or eco- friendly projects as priority lending, banks normally take a back step taking much interest in these projects due to the credit risk reputational risk and legal risks associated with these projects. On the other hand there has been a lukewarm response towards the low carbon infrastructure, as there are limited options available to finance the projects leading to low carbon emission. In this context, the present study is an attempt to discuss the issue of climate change and the role of Indian Financial Institutions in carbon financing. The study also discusses the barriers in financing the low carbon emitting projects. The study also suggests the need for more carbon linked financial products are needed to float in the existing financial system so as to create more investible opportunities for the investors. It concludes by calling for a separate regulatory framework to finance green projects and the need for the existing financial institutions must be moulded in such a way, so as to create a separate department relating to climate change and related developments, in the existing structure. These efforts could go a long way in developing a low carbon emission economic model to take the planet and in general and India in particular towards the sustainable and eco -friendly economy.

The present study in to gather the various perspectives of educational exchange program in schools to develop global awareness among students. The internationalization of school education bought reforms and innovation in education. The term international understanding, cooperation and peace are to be considered as an indivisible whole based on the principles of friendly relations between peoples and states having different social and political systems on the respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. A focus on global awareness puts the spotlight on why internationalization is central to quality education and emphasizes that internationalization is a means not end. There are endless disadvantages and repercussions for students not being globally aware. The major query is all about can we develop any such kind of environment in schools or educational institutions where without migration one may aware themselves about the six factors of Global awareness i.e. Global Citizenship, Interdependence, conflict resolution, social justice, diversity, sustainable development, human rights, values and world views.

This article is focusing on Mid Day Meal (MDM) programme launched by Government for the overall development of children from their mother womb to developing stages up to 8 years. Health’s, hygienic and education with environment, required for overall development of the children are also critically examined from the point of views of researchers, policy makers and Government. The global views and issues related in USA about health care of children and National Curriculum Frame Work by NCERT 2005 focused on Mid Day Meal (MDM) is also quoted for better understanding of the article made issues. Global events and the needs emerging from various social, economic and demographic changes in the last few decades have also influenced Mid Day Meal (MDM) in India. Five of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in the UN Millennium Declaration relate to the health, nutrition and education of the young child. India’s poor progress towards the realization of MDG in relation to other developing countries indicates that we have already neglected our young children for too long. Research around the world has shown that in order to maximize impact, the planning and provision of early childhood and primary education programmes need to take into account some important principles of child development.

Universities play very important role in any society. In this era the universities face a new set of environment and challenges that need to be dealt independent from governmental state support. These new environment challenges will have their impact on the quality of education, university autonomy, academic freedom and their changing focus and responsibilities towards the societies. The best approach of the universities is to adapt the new environment and understand the new concept of the university social responsibility. In the higher education we do not consider its excellence only in respect of academic subject, as a green campus area, ethics curriculum and in communities’ engagement, but also in a value orientation, teaching quality, teaching staffs as well as the students. We consider respective parameters of ethical values in higher education, responsible leadership unethical researches open or distance educations systems. The pilot study and self diagnosis of internal public perceptions has been done regarding university social responsibility.

Indian industries such as food handling, agricultural inputs, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, engineering such as electronics and electrical, textiles and garments, leather and leather goods, meat products, bio-engineering, sports goods, plastic products, computer software, etc, are considered to be vital members within the supply chain widely spread across all the major sectors in India. Spread over 400 SME clusters and nearby 2000 artisan clusters industries have created a positive base for the advancement of inter-firm cooperation to encourage local production, innovation and co-operative learning. Out of total exports, SME’s in India contributes to 60 of the industrial production. This paper is based on growing export attractiveness of Indian MSMEs with an objective to exploring the export performance factors, challenges and constraints associated with export of MSMEs. Growth of MSME takes into consideration role of the government, private sector and international sector so as to boost exports. There is still potential to rise Indian share in global small sector exports which is conquered by emerging economies like China, Korea, Taiwan, etc. only by focusing on increasing SME’s Export.

This study attempts to understand the awareness and preference towards investment avenues among the salaried class employees working in pharmaceutical companies with respect to baddi district of Himanchal Pradesh. Today’s the financial markets are more strong and providing many great opportunities for investors to invest their savings. The present study is based on primary data which is collected by distribution of structured questionnaire .Convenient random sampling method is used for selecting the sample of 70 employees from the five pharmaceutical companies. The respondents was categorized on the basis of demographics such as age, gender, marital status, education, annual income etc. the collected data were analyzed by using appropriate statistical tools techniques. The study found that the employees prefer to invest in safe and secure investment avenues and avoid the risky investment options as they all still wants to play safe. Most of the respondents still prefer to invest their savings in bank fixed deposits, post office schemes, insurance policies to meet their future needs like children education marriage.

Intersectionality as an approach was first brought to attention by Kimberle`Crenshaw in 1989 and though it cannot be said that the theory was a runaway success, yet, it was discussed and used by Feminist researchers to understand the multidimensional ways by which identities shape the construction of hegemonic masculinities. This paper closely examines Kathy Davis article titled ‘Intersectionality as buzzword A sociology of science perspective on what makes a feminist theory successful’ (2008) to understand the importance of intersectionality as an approach to deconstruct the notions of women, who by far, were considered as a single, unified, homogenous group. In her article, she incorporated Murray Davis’s (1986) work on success of theories and selected intersectionality theory as an example to comprehend whether intersectionality is a significant tool for Feminist analysis or merely a fashionable ‘buzzword’. Towards the end of this paper four intersectionality approach based studies have been brought in to critic and compare the merits and demerits of the approach. In order to reason the importance of intersectionality in feminist research and contemplate on the idea of it merely being a buzzword, one has to inquire into the evolution, progress and applicability of the theory. It cannot be denied that contemporary women studies cannot focus on gender alone because of the vast difference and diversity among women which cannot be ignored any longer. Such work will be rejected, that fails to inquire into ‘race’, ‘class’ and ‘sexuality’ along with ‘gender’.

A look into the history shows that the Media education has gone through significant uprising during the eighties and Nineties. Over the seventy-five years, Media education has not gained the identification of professional education and has failed in structuring Social and economic infrastructure. After independence, training of mass communication and journalism was started in various universities, but unfortunately, we have not been able to build any model of 'media education' till date. The result of the education department's absurdity that we are facing this kind of media education. In other words, for 'journalism' it was assumed that everyone can enter into this profession, everyone can do it. In this way, all were ready to teach 'journalism'. Today, issues faced Media education in India related to theory versus practical, updating curriculum and syllabus. This study focused primarily on key issues and challenges in media education in India such as What are the issues and challenges in Media education in India?Why there is a gap between the media industry and media sector? What should be the Media education model in India? How to bridge a gap between media academia and media industry? This study is based on normative theory. The normative theory describes ‘what should be’. This study based on the existing researchers’opinion. Also,researcher follows Abductive research approach to understand the secondary data and expert’s opinion (i.e.to understand the opinion of media educators and media professionals on issues and challenges of media education in India). Hence, on the basis of this study,the researcher has tried to construct a model that will uplift media education and overcome issues and challenges.

The case is about an Indian ecommerce player – Flipkart, started as online market place in 2007 by two IIT Delhi alumni and ex Amazon employees - Sachin and Binny Bansal. In the initial days they started with selling books online with add – on like free shipping and Cash on Delivery (COD) to entice customers and deal with the other competitors. Over a period of time, Flipkart has entered into other segments too like mobiles, cameras, computers, healthcare and personal products, home appliances and electronics, stationery, perfumes, toys, apparels, shoes. In the journey so far Flipkart has done eight acquisitions and took majority stake in two with an objective of strengthen its business and has become the foremost players in Indian e-commerce space but with increased sales company has booked hefty losses and even not reached to break even. The company bought by Flipkart has one or other common investor that has invested in Flipkart and the target companies. This gave rise to the question whether these mergers and acquisitions was a strategic fit for Flipkart or driven by the investors to save their money. On 1st April 2016, Flipkart grabbed Bangalore based mobile payments startup- Phone Pe marking its eighth acquisition. Started in 2007as online market place, Flipkart in the journey till date has bought eight companies and acquired majority stake in two. With the series of deals, it has made his presence felt in several verticals and has become the foremost players in Indian e-commerce space but with increased sales company has booked hefty losses and even not reached to break even.

In present scenario, 'Make in India" is a very lucrative initiative taken by the government of India. The main aim behind this initiative is just to attract global investors in India and becoming India as manufacturing hub in across the world. This only happens by less legal formalities, rules and regulation and law applicable in case of attracting foreign investment. With the help of Make in India campaign, the manufacturing sector will show a positive trend in respect to performance, profitability and many other aspects and this only possible by utilization of foreign technology that comes in India for raising the facilities' in manufacturing and other sector. Various mergers and acquisition has been taking place in various sectors of the Indian economy, which are promoted as well as funded government such as defence, power sector and many more. This paper points out the merger and acquisition have been taken place under Make in India initiative.

Dexterous refers to the skill and elegance in physical movement, especially in the use of the hands, an individual who is more dexterous with the right hand is called right-handed (dextralists), and one who is more skilled with the left is said to be left-handed (sinistralists). The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of specific training on selected biomotor variables such as strength and coordination of dexterous. To achieve the purpose 40 right hand dominance preadolescent boys students from Anantnag district, Jammu & Kashmir, India were selected as subjects at random and their age ranged between 9-13 years, the selected subjects were divided in to two groups namely physical training (n=20) and control (n=20). The physical training group underwent training for 60 min/4 days/15 weeks. The maximum strength (handgrip dynamometer) and hand screwing coordination (Bennit hand tool dexterity test), were selected as dependent variables and tested before and after the experimental period for both the groups. The collected data were analyzed by using ANCOVA. Further, independent' was calculated to find out the difference between left and right hand and the magnitude of Improvement was also calculated to find out the level of improvement on dexterous. Level of confidence was fixed at 0.05. The result of the study shows that the physical training improved the maximum strength and coordination compared to control group. The difference between right and left hand on maximum strength and coordination is insignificant. Hence, it was concluded that physical training may be given to improve the dexterous (use of hands) level and quality.

MOOCs (Massive Online Open Courses) are freely available, short courses, delivered online. They have the potential to engage a large numbers of learners at any one time. Online learning culture provides opportunities for collaboration, peer support and professional learning throughout careers. The TESS-India MOOC is designed as an open and free professional development opportunity of E- learning for teacher educators, Teachers and Trainee Teachers in the Indian context. It is a small task—oriented course of Six week Titled "Enhancing Teacher Education through OER: TESS-India" in English and further introduced first time in Hindi Medium on Edx Platform as-"OER =num 4 awnvw-ftwr w to4h(ur (TESS-4140" focuses on OER engagement and use in teacher education - with a particular focus on the TESS-India OER. After having a Successful pilot with 46 Teacher Educators and Education officers of Madhya Pradesh, the MOOC was scaled up from 23" November 2015 -15 January 2016 and 21' Nov. 2016-13th January 2017. About 846 Teacher Educators-Teachers form various TEls i.e. VISE, SISE, CTE and DIET across the state has completed the course in English and 1600 has completed the MOOC in Hindi from Madhya Pradesh. The course explores how the teacher educators and teachers can experience self-learning, reflection, assimilation and articulation of new ideas by using OER in the design and delivery of teacher education programmes to help them bring about the transformation of classroom teaching-learning and promote E learning as well as use of IT in transformation of knowledge. Setting up a benchmark, it has provided a huge support in achieving the quality aspects in classroom teaching learning tinder Evaluation for improvement, a School Standard and Evaluation framework programme called "Shaala Siddhi" Hamari Shala Aise Ho" in the State. Present paper is an attempt to present an over view of the course taken up so far and its success and significance for Teacher Education.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) gained popularity throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s, referring to companies that emphasized a new paradigm in business The paradigm is rooted in the belief that businesses have an obligation to care for their surroundings and by doing so, and will realize greater success .CSR is also described as the corporate "triple bottom line "—the totality of the corporation's financial, social, and environmental performance in performing its business. It generally refers to transparent business practices that are based on ethical values, compliance with legal requirements, and respect for people, communities, and the environment. Thus, beyond making profits, companies are responsible for creating their impact on people. People include the company's stakeholders, its employees, customers, business partners, investors, suppliers and vendors, the government, and the community. Thus this paper will focus on the concept of CSR and how an organization can be benefited with CSR concept.

In today's Internet world social networking sites have become popular and provide big attraction for the student. The main focus of this paper is to bring out the effect of social networking sites on student community. A research study on this specifies that 45% students spent 6-8 hours per day on inspection of social networking sites and 23% consumed more than 8 hours. The shocking fact is only 12% spent less than two hours. Research also reveals that students are not using social networking sites properly for learning purpose. This paper discusses different learning methods and the effects of social networking sites on student's community.

Economic Growth of any country is chartered by multitude of factors working together to generate positive results instead of decisions taken by chance. The same is true for an individual also as growth is a matter of choice not by chance Financial Investments in a country is based on sound planning and knowledge that comes from Financial Literacy. This paper is an effort to study the role of women in Financial Planning and investments. It tries to gauge the level of Financial Literacy and the factors determining the same. The study aims at knowing the behavioral factors and skills required to ensure active participation of women in financial decision making to bridge the gap for long term economic welfare within the country.

The issue of financial wellbeing has progressively gained recognition as a vital and important life skill. Therefore, by and large the first decade of the twenty first century has seen a universal recognition for spreading financial literacy among people. Given the fact that India is having a large population, a fast growing economy with national focus on inclusive growth and an urgent need to develop a vibrant and stable financial system, it is all the more necessary to understand the importance of financial literacy in reaping rich benefits to individual, society, financial system and the nation as a whole. A financially literate and well informed public could be expected to have beneficial effects on soundness and efficiency of financial system. The present paper is an attempt to throw some light on how widespread financial literacy can significantly augment the soundness and efficiency of financial system.

Teaching is a dynamic activity and it requires a favourable attitude and certain specific competencies. Teacher's proficiency depends on teacher's attitude towards teaching. The positive attitude helps the teacher in developing effective learning environment in the classroom. Teacher's attitude towards teaching is influenced by many factors like gender, school atmosphere and his previous experience as a teacher. The present research paper attempts to study the attitude of elementary school teachers towards teaching in relation to their qualification and locale. On the basis of analysis of data collected and interpretation of the results of the present study obtained through statistical means, the major findings of the study are :- (I) Majority of the elementary school teachers have unfavorable attitude towards teaching. (ii) There exists significant difference in the attitude of graduate and post graduate elementary school teachers towards teaching and (iii) There exists significant difference in the attitude of rural and urban elementary school teachers towards teaching.

Working women are handling two important tasks. These tasks are, justifying the responsibilities at work place and handling the responsibilities at home front. Balancing these two roles at home and work is very challenging task and causes stress at different levels. Different facets evolve stress in working women's life. These stresses cause the imbalance at the front of work and handling family responsibility. This research is devoted towards finding the root causes of the existing problems faced by the working women. The study is focusing on the stress caused to working women of Dayalbagh colonies. A sample of 100 working women residing in Dayalbagh colonies area participated in this study. The inventory used is based on 5 point scale.

India has risen as the quickest developing significant economy in the world. As per the Central Statistics Organization (CSO) and International Monetary Fund (IMF). It is relied upon to be one of the main three financial forces of the world throughout the following 10-15 years, sponsored by its solid majority rule government and associations.. Indian economy is required to develop at a rate of 6.7 for every penny in the year 2017-18 and in the following monetary year 2018-19 the economy is relied upon to develop at a rate of 7.2 for each penny. India's purchaser certainty list remained at 128 in the second quarter of 2017, topping the worldwide rundown of nations on a similar parameter, because of solid buyer assessment. The World Bank too decelerated India's GDP development for 2016-17 financial to 7 for each penny from its past gauge of 7.6 for every penny referring to the effect of demonetization. The UN report does not make any spec& of the withdrawal of the high-division 500 and 1000 money notes by the Indian government nor its effect on the nation's monetary development. This paper is concentrating on the current patterns in Indian economy and to assess the impact of the development of govt. activities on the Indian economy

The development of the country depends on their economy, which needs money circulation time to time for striking equilibrium points between excess or scarcity. The monetary policies helpful in adjusting the problem of the economy's situation over a period of time. The problem of inflation arises due to the inflows and outflows of the money in excess quantity, which overall reduces the purchasing power of the money. So, inflation is said to be main the indicator of the development of the country. The objective of the study is to study the framework of Monetary Policies declared by RBI Governor and measures to control the inflation. The researcher has done descriptive research which is focusing on the monetary policies as well as impact on inflation. The purposive sample is used in the study and the data was collected through the secondary sources like from the various official websites. The findings of the study are that the inflation is seen from the monetary policy's angle and controlling aspects of the monetary policies is also seen through the implementation and changing in monetary policies time to time. Both term monetary policies and inflation inter dependent to each other and this paper attempts to analyse the relationship between monetary policies and inflations. At the end, it is concluded that monetary policies play a very significant role in controlling monetary supplies, if it is maintained in a good manner then equilibrium point is achieved at good inflation which should be operated to achieve overall high rate of development for the country.

This paper focused on "Problems of the Elderly: a sociological study in Agra". The main objective of research paper is to study the background and socio-economic profile of the elderly and the main problems of the elderly in Agra city. Our sample size is 30 Elderly in Agra city. For the purpose of data collection A structured interview schedule was used to collect the information on their back ground, and the main problems of the elderly for the aged in the families, and the perceptions of the aged regarding the care and support they are getting from their family members, their views regarding main problems in old age. The data was analyzed using the percentage method. The major finding was the main problems of the elderly are felling alone, financial problem, health problem, disrespect and neglecting behavior by family members, and adjustment problem with family and to motivate the young generation to live in joint families and more interact with elder and also support and care.

Recreation plays an important role in physical education because all events of physical education is depend upon recreation, in recreation a sports person recreate himself to a particular event before starting any event. In recreation people learns an event by recreational way. Recreation is an essential part of human life and finds many different forms which are shaped naturally by individual interests but also by the surrounding social construction. Recreational activities can be communal or solitary, active or passive, outdoors or indoors, healthy or harmful, and useful for society or detrimental. A significant section of recreational activities are designated as hobbies which are activities done for pleasure on a regular basis.

The actual driving force to the globalization process was provided by the new economic policy introduced by the government of India in July1991 at the order of the IMF and the World Bank. Globalization has led to an asymmetrical completion a competition between giant MNCs and dwarf Indian ventures. The small scale sector is a very important element of overall industrial sector of the country. The small scale sector forms a most important part of Indian industry and contributing to a significant proportion of production, exports and employment therefore the present study analyzes the "Impact of new financial reforms on Small Scale Industries". The main theme of the paper is to evaluate the performance of small scale sector before and after new financial reforms and compare them with average annual growth rates to know the impact of financial reforms on the performance of small scale sector. The era of the study is 1985 to 2015 and based on secondary information.

कृषि अर्थव्यवस्था- भारत का मूल आधार है, क्योकि भारत एक कृषि प्रधान देश है, जहाँ कृषक बसते है, परन्तु आज के समय में ये कृषक बैंकों की नीतियों ऋण, बीमा योजनाओं के गिरफत में आ गये है, जिसमें सूखा बाढ, मुख्य कारण है, इन कृषकों के जीवन को तथा कृषि अर्थव्यवस्था को सुचारू रूप प्रदान करने में बैंकों का विशेष योगदान रहा है, जिसमें नाबार्ड प्रमुख है जो रिजर्व बैंक की नीतियों के आधार पर अन्य बैंको को पुनर्वित्त प्रदान करता है और जिसके माध्यम से अन्य बैंक कृषकों को ऋण प्रदान करते है, जिसमें किसान केडिट कार्ड योजना फसल ऋण योजना तथा नेवकान्स जो कृषकों को परामर्श की सेवायें प्रदान करता है। जिसके आधार पर नाबार्ड का राष्ट्रीयकृत बैंको के मिलकर वित्त योजना तैयार की जाती है। कृषि परियोजनाओं  को वित्त पोषण को बढावा मिलता है। इन योजनाओं के आधार पर परियोजना रिपोर्ट शामिल है।

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यार्थियों की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि एंव मानसिक स्वास्थ्य के मध्य सहसम्बन्ध का अध्ययन किया गया। इस शोध कार्य में हमने उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यालयों से 100 विद्यार्थियों को न्यादर्श के रूप में चुना है। जिसमें 50 छात्र एंव 50 छात्राओं का समूह है। आंकडों के संकलन के लिए उपकरण के रूप में एस.के. वर्मा का मानसिक स्वास्थ्य एंव शैक्षिक उपलब्धि मापन के लिए शैक्षिक रिकार्ड का प्रयोग किया गया। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य से हमें यह निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुआ है। कि उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के छात्र एंव छात्राओं के शैक्षिक उपलब्धि एंव मानसिक स्वास्थ्य में कोई सार्थक अंतर नही होता है। उच्चतर माध्यमिक स्तर के मानसिक स्वास्थ्य एंव शैक्षिक उपलब्धि में सार्थक सह सम्बध होता है। इससे यह परिणाम प्राप्त होता है। प्रत्येक माता-पिता यह चाहते है कि उनका बालक कक्षा में हमेशा प्रथम आए और वह बालक पर हमेशा दबाव बनाए रखते है। इससे बालक के अंदर मानसिक तनाव जन्म लेता है। और तनाव बढ़ता रहता है। मानसिक तनाव चरम पर पहुॅच जाता है जिससे बालक के अंदर नकारात्मक विचारों की उत्पति होती है और वातावरण के साथ समायोजन नही कर पाता है। उसका मानसिक सवास्थ्य इतना गिर जाता है कि वह आत्महत्या जैसे कदम भी उठा लेता है। 

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में सर्व शिक्षा अभियान के प्रति प्राथमिक विद्यालयों में कार्यरत शिक्षकों की अभिवृति एंव कार्य सन्तुष्टि का अध्ययन किया गया। इस शोध कार्य में हमनें भोपाल क्षेत्र के 10 प्राथमिक विद्यालयों से 50 शिक्षकों को नयादर्श के रूप में चुना है। जिसमें 25 शिक्षक एंव 25 शिक्षिकाओं का समूह है। आंकडों के संकलन के लिए उपकरण के रूप में अभिवृति एंव कार्य सन्तुष्टि के लिए स्वनिर्मित प्रश्नावली का प्रयोग किया गया। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य से हमें  यह निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुआ है कि शिक्षक एंव शिक्षिकाओं की कार्य सन्तुष्टि एंव अभिवृति में सार्थक अन्तर होता है। तथा शिक्षकों की कार्य सन्तुष्टि एंव अभिवृति में उच्च स्तर का सार्थक सह-सम्बन्ध है। इससे यह परिणाम प्राप्त होता है। कि कार्य सन्तुष्टि का अभिवृति पर गहरा प्रभाव पड़ता है। यदि शिक्षकों को अपने कार्य से खुशी मिलेगी तो उनकी अभिवृति भी सकारात्मक होगी। तथा प्रबन्धक को शिक्षको के कार्य सन्तुष्टि के लिऐ प्रयास करने चाहिऐ।

विकास की तीव्रतर गति ने सामाजिक, आर्थिक परिस्थितियों में निंरतर परिवर्तन का मार्ग प्रशस्त कर दिया है। इन परिवर्तनों के फलस्वरूप समाज के प्रत्येक वर्ग को समय की मांग के अनुरूप तैयार रखना आवश्यक हो गया है। समाज के विभिन्न वर्गों द्वारा सफलता अर्जित करने के लिए निंरतर प्रशिक्षण् प्राप्त करना एंव प्रशिक्षण देना आधुनिक युग में सफलता प्राप्त करने का एक माध्यम बन चुका है।

बैंकिंग उद्योग हमारी अर्थव्यस्था का तीव्र गति से विकसित होने वाला क्षेत्र है अतः वर्तमान एंव भविष्य की चुनौतियों का सामना करने के लिए इस क्षेत्र के अंतर्गत कार्यरत अधिकारियों एंव कर्मचारियों को विकसित करना अति आवश्यक है इस आवश्यकता की पूर्ति प्रशिक्षण द्वारा संभव है। भारतीय स्टेट बैंक जो भारत का शीर्षस्थ राष्ट्रीयकृत बैंक है इसमें भी प्रशिक्षण के द्वारा ही कार्यरत अधिकारियों एंव कर्मचारियों को बदलती हुई चुनौतियों के लिए तैयार किया जाता है। भारतीय स्टेट बैंक में सन् 1969 से पहले बैंक में मुख्यतः कार्य पर प्रशिक्षण प्रदान करने की व्यवस्था थी। क्योंकि उस समय तक बैंक केवल सीमित सेवांए ही पं्रदान करता था। लेकिन 1969 के पश्चात बैंक शाखाओं का तेजी से विस्तात हुआ, बैंकों के द्वारा कई नई सेवांए प्रारंभ की गई परिणामस्वरूप बैंक में कुशल कर्मचारियों की आवश्यकता तीव्रता से महसूस की गई। इन बढ़ी हुई आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति हेतु कार्य पर प्रशिक्षण के साथ-साथ कार्येत्तर प्रशिक्षण भी बैंक द्वारा कर्मचारियों को प्रदान किया जाने लगा। भारतीय स्टेट बैंक ने प्रशिक्षण प्रदान करने के लिए 4 शीर्षस्थ कालेज एंव कई प्रशिक्षण केन्द्र की स्थापना की। बैंक में कार्य पर प्रशिक्षण के अंतर्गत मुख्यतः कोचिंग

उपन्यास मानव-जीवन का समग्र रूप से चित्रण करने वाली सशक्त साहित्यिक विधा है मानव-जीवन की अनेक घटनाओं का चित्रण उपन्यासकार अपने उपन्यासों में पात्रों अथवा चरित्रों के माध्यम से साकार करता है। नारी तथा पुरूष मानव-जीवन रूपी इन्ही दो पहियों के बल पर अग्रसर होता है। समाज में स्त्री-पुरूष का समान महत्व है परिवर्तन प्रकृति का नियम है और समाज में स्त्री-पुरूषों के जीवन में भी परिवर्तन होता है। इस परिवर्तन का प्रतिविम्ब हम प्रेमचन्द के उपन्यासों में देख सकते है। क्योंकि उपन्यास अपने युग की झाँकी लेकर उपस्थित होते है। समाज मे यह परिवर्तन विशेषतः नारी जीवन में अधिक दिखाई देता है समाज में उसको कभी देवता के उदात स्थान पर विभूषित किया गया था, तो कभी  उसके साथ दासी जैसा व्यवहार किया गया। कभी वह पुरूष के प्रेरणदात्रीं बनी है, तो कभी उसका मूल्य मनबहलाव के खिलौने से अधिक नहीं माना गया। 

भोपाल शहर के महाविद्यालय में पुस्तकालयों का बहुत महत्व है जिसके चलते जरूरी है कि पुस्तकालय के पाठकों को अच्छी से अच्छी सेवाएं प्रदान की जाएं। आधुनिक पुस्तकालय विज्ञान पुस्तकालय एंव सूचना विज्ञान कहलाता है। क्योंकि यह केवल पुस्तकों के अर्जन, प्रस्तुतीकरण वर्गीकरण, प्रसुचीकरण फलक व्यस्थापन तक ही सीमित नही है। इसके अंतर्गत सूचना की खोज, प्राप्ति संसाधन, सम्प्रेषण तथा पुनर्प्राष्ति भी सम्मिलित है। अब यह विषय सूचना संचार प्रोद्योगिकी के व्यापक आधार पर व्यवस्थित है। आधुनिक पुस्तकालय अद्यतन सूचना संचार प्रोद्योगिकी का बहुत अच्छा उपयोग कर रहे है। इसी परिपेक्ष में भोपाल शहर के पुस्तकालयों द्वारा अच्छी से अच्छी सेवाएं प्रदान कराए जाने के लिए जरूरी है कि पुस्तकालय स्वचालित हो और स्वचालित वर्तमान जागरूक सेवा, चयनात्मक प्रसार सेवा, सार सेवा, अनुक्रमणिका सेवा जैसी अधिक से अधिक सेवांए प्रदान करे।

वैश्वीकरण के इस युग में भौगोलिक दूरियाँ कम हो रही है। सभ्यताओं और सांस्कृतियों का तेजी से समिश्रण हो रहा है। संस्कारों की जडें गाहे बगाहे हिलती सी नजर आती है। कहीं पश्चिमी सभ्यता हावी होते नजर आती है। कहीं व्यक्तिगत स्वार्थ आने पैर पसारता नजर आता है। कहीं धर्म देंगे करवाता है तो कहीं क्षेत्रवाद बलवती हो जाता कहीं कही महिलाओं की अस्मिता दांव पर लगती हैं तो कही गरीबों के भूखे पेट सिसकते है। कुल मिला कर कहें तो यह परिवर्तन की क्रांति काल चल रहा है। ऐसे में जरूरत है हमारी प्राचीन गोरवशाली संस्कृति  के  मंथन की संतो की सीख की और संत साहित्य के पुनः अवलोकन की। वर्तमान समय में एंसा नहीं है कि हमने वैज्ञानिक या वैचारिक यात्रा नहीं की निश्चय ही तरक्की के बहुत से सोपान हमने तय किये है किन्तु कुछ मूलभूत सिंद्धातों आदर्शो सोच को हम कही पीछे छोड आए है। ऐसे में तारणहार के रूप में सहज ही संत कति कबीर का स्मरण हो आना स्वाभविक है। संत कबीर भक्ति काल के केश्वरवादी, मानवतावादी तथा प्ररवर समाज सुधारक कति थे। आचार्य महावीर प्रसाद द्विवेदी तो उन्हें समन्वयवादी कति मानते थे। वस्तुतः व्यक्ति सामाजिक परिस्थितियों की उपज होता है। कबीर जिस मध्यकाल में हुए थे वह उतृश्रृंखलता का समय था। समाज में जाति पॉति भेदभाव, छुआछुत धार्मिक आडबंरां एंव पाखंडों का बोलबला था। सामंतवादी समाज का विकृत रूप समाज को खाये जा रहा था। इस परिवेश में कबीर ने मानव प्रेम के जिस उदात्त भाव का संदेश दिया, वह आज भी प्रासांगिक है।

प्रस्तुत शोधपत्र में डी.एल.एड. छात्रों की सृजनात्मकता का अध्ययन और उनके द्वारा बनाई गई शिक्षण सामग्री पर सृजनात्मकता के प्रभाव का अध्ययन किया गया। इस क्रियात्मक अनुसन्धान में विक्टोरिया कालेज आफ एजूकेशन के डी.एल.एड. संकाय के  प्रथम एंव द्वितीय वर्ष के विद्यार्थियों को जो जनसंख्या के रूप में लिया गया सभी विद्यार्थियों पर सृजनात्मकता परिक्षण  किया गया जिसके मूल्यांकन के  आधार पर विद्यार्थियों को सृजनात्मक एंव असृजनात्मकता समूह में बाँटा गया। तत्पश्चात उनमें से 20 विद्यार्थियों ने सृजनात्मक समूह तथा 20 असृजनात्मक समूह को  न्यादर्श के रूप में लिय गया। जिन पर यह शोध कार्य किया गया। अर्थात हमारा कुल न्यादर्श 40 विद्यार्थियों का है। आंकडों के सकलन के लिए उपकरण के रूप में सृजनात्मकता एंव शिक्षण सामग्री के लिए सवनिर्मित प्रश्नावली का प्रयोग किया गया। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य से हमें यह निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुआ है कि यदि विद्यार्थियों की सृजनशीलता के गुण में अन्तर होगा तो उनकी शिक्षण सामग्री की गुणवत्ता में भी अन्तर होगा तथा जिस विद्यार्थी में सृजनशिलता का स्तर उच्च होगा उसकी शिक्षण सामग्री की गुणवत्ता का स्तर भी उच्च होगा क्योंकि दोनों में धनात्मक सहसम्बन्ध है इसलिए सृजनात्मकता का प्रभाव शिक्षण सामग्री की गुणवत्ता पर पड़ता है।

ब्रिटिश आगमन से पूर्व पूर्वी राजस्थान में परम्परागत सामाजिक ढॉचा यथावत बना रहा था। मध्य युग में मुस्लिम आक्रान्ताओं के व्यापक आक्रमणों से महिलाओं को बचाने के लिऐ कई तात्कालिक निर्णय लिये गये जैसे पर्दा प्रथा बाल विवाह कन्या वध तथा सती प्रथा आदि। इन सब स्थितियों के बाद भी मध्ययुगीन भारतीय स्त्रियों को युरोपीय स्त्रियों की तुलना में अधिक स्वायत्तता तथा अधिकार प्राप्त थे।प्रशासनिक सहयोग के लिए रानियॉ अपनी जागीरों में कर्मचारियों की नियुक्ति करती थी। राजघरानों मे महिलाओं के सैनिक प्रशिक्षण की व्यवस्था की थी। 20वीं शताब्दी में राजनीति व प्रशासन में सम्मानित राजमाताओं तथा रानियों आदि के परम्परागत अधिकारों को समाप्त करने या उन अधिकारों में कटौती करके उनके हक में सेंध लगाई 19वीं शता. के उत्तरार्द्ध तथा 20वीं शताब्दी के पूर्वार्द्ध में नयी ब्रिटिश आर्थिक सामाजिक तथा राजनैतिक व्यवस्थाओं ने समाज में महत्वपूर्ण हलचल पैदा की। पूर्वी राजस्थान में गांधीयुग में जनचेतना का उदय तथा जन सहभागिता का ऐतिहासिक दृष्टि से विशिष्ट सथान है। पूर्वी राजस्थान की चार रियासतें अलवर तथा करौली में राजपूत वंश तथा भरतपुर और धौलपुर में जाटवंश के शासक थे। चारों ही रियासतों में राजशाही थी। ब्रिटिश आगमन के पश्चात ये चारों राज्य सहायक संधियों के माध्यम से ब्रिटिश सत्ता के प्रत्यक्ष प्रभाव में आ गये। इस प्रकार यहॉ दोहरी दासता का युग प्रारंभ हो गया। प्रथम राजशाही तथा द्वितीय ब्रिटिश सत्ता।

वर्तमान समय में प्रत्येक देष में उत्पादन, उद्योग व्यापार तथा व्यवसाय बैंकिग व्यवस्था पर केन्द्रित होते है। बैंक द्वारा उपलब्ध साधनों के अधिकतम प्रयोग से अधिकतम लाभ कमाने की क्षमता को ही लाभदायकता कहते है। लाभदायकता कहते है। लाभदायकता की स्थिति बिक्री की मात्रा, लागतों की प्रकृति व द्वितीय साधनों के समुचित प्रयांग पर निर्भर करती है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र का उद्वेश्य चयनित सार्वजनिक और निजी क्षेत्र के बैंकों की लाभदायकता का विश्लेषण और तुलनात्मक अध्ययन करना है। शोध अध्ययन में उन दो-दो सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र एंव निजी क्षेत्र के बैंको का चयन किया गया है जिनकी बाजार पूँजी (ं) 31 मार्च 2013 को 10,000 करोड से कम बाजार पूँजी वाले बैंकों में सबसे अधिक है। जम्मू और कश्मीर बैंक फेडरल बैंक यूनियन बैंक ऑफ इंडिया, यूको बैंक से प्राप्त आँकड़ो का विश्लेषण प्रबन्धकीय तकनीक (अनुपात विश्लेषण) तथा सांख्यिकीय तकनीक (सह- सम्बन्ध विश्लेषण) द्वारा किया गया है। शोध अध्ययन की परिकल्पना की वैधता की जाँच सांख्यिकीय तकनीक टी टेस्ट के आधार पर की गई है। शोध अध्ययन में वर्ष 2010-11 2011-12 और 2012-13 तक (तीन वर्षो) के प्रकाशित समंको का ही प्रयोग किया गया है। शोध में चयनित सार्वजनिक और निजी क्षेत्र के बैंको की लाभदायकता में उच्च धनात्मक सम्बनध (0.91) पाया गया है। जिसका निष्कर्ष है कि सार्वजनिक और निजी क्षेत्र के बैंको की लाभदायकता में उच्च कोटि की निर्भरता या सहसम्बन्ध है। 

यह पत्र म.प्र. के भोपाल संभाग के विदिषा ज़िले के शासकीय उत्कृष्ट विद्यालयों के पुस्तकालयों कि वास्तविक स्थिति को बताता है। स्कूल के  बच्चों के लिए पुस्तकालय एक ऐसा माध्यम है जिसके द्वारा बच्चों के शैक्षणिक स्तर में वृद्धि की जा सकती है। 

आर्थिक राजनीतिक और सामाजिक परिवर्त्तन के लिए शिक्षा बहुत ही महत्त्वपूर्ण है। इक्कीसवीं सदी में समाज के समग्र विकास के लिए ऐसी आबादी की आवश्यकता है जो अच्छी तरह से शिक्षित और कौशल, दृष्टिकोण और ज्ञान से सुसज्जित हो। न्यायपूर्ण और समतावादी समाज बनाने में, शिक्षा की प्रमुख भूमिका होती है। प्रारंभिक शिक्षा को हर जगह पहुँचाने के लक्ष्य को प्राप्त करने के लिए सरकार ने कई परियोजनाएँ और कार्यक्रम शुरू किए है। राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति के सिद्धांतों को ध्यान में रखते हुए सरकार ने विभिन्न योजनाएँ संचालित कर रही है जो सभी के लिए समान शिक्षा सुनिश्चित करती है। झारखण्ड राज्य के पश्चिमी सिंहभूम जिला अंतर्गत भी प्रारंभिक सरकारी विद्यालयों में सरकारी योजनाओं में मुख्य रूप से सर्व शिक्षा अभियान, मध्याह्न भोजन योजना, छात्रवृति योजना, निशुल्क पुस्तक वितरण, बुनियाद एवं बुनियाद प्लस इत्यादि योजनाएँ चलाई जा रही है। शोधकर्त्ता के द्वारा सरकारी योजनाओं के क्रियान्वयन का अध्ययन हेतु पश्चिमी सिंहभूम जिला अंतर्गत 50 प्रारंभिक विद्यालयों के प्रधानाध्यापक, शिक्षक, ग्राम समिति के सदस्यों को न्यादर्श के रूप में चयन किया है। 

आज हिन्दी भाषा शिक्षण की महती आवश्यकता व महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका के कारण शिक्षकों पर दिन-प्रति-दिन यह दबाव पड़ रहा है कि उन्हें परम्परागत विधि त्याग कर नवीन विकसित विधियों को अपनाना चाहिए, किन्तु इन नवीन विकसित विधियों को सही व वैज्ञानिक ढंग से प्रस्तुत अधिगम में वृद्धि करना भी आवश्यक है। शिक्षण अधिगम की इन्हीं अवधारणाओं को ध्यान में रखकर यह शोधकार्य किया गया है। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य में भोपाल जिले के 5 सी.बी.एस.ई. व 5 म.प्र. बोर्ड के विद्यालयों से कक्षा 8 के 20 छात्र व 20 छात्राओं का चयन किया गया।

संगीत की अमर धारा धरा के जन्म से ही आबद्ध रही है। इसलिये प्रकृति के हर तत्व में संगीत की स्वरलहरियाँ विद्यमान हैं। भारतीय समाज में भी वैदिक काल से संगीत की प्रधानता रही है। संगीत की इसी अमर परंपरा के वाहकों में भागीदार हैं माथुर चतुर्वेदी समुदाय। माथुर चतुर्वेदी समुदाय का अस्तित्व वैदिक काल से रहा है। मथुरा इनका मूल स्थान है। ब्रज निवासी होने के कारण लोक संगीत की अनुपम परंपरा इन्हें विरासत में मिली। विरासत में मिली लोक संगीत की (विशेषकर होली संगीत) इसी परंपरा को चतुर्वेदी समुदाय ने साहित्यिक और सांस्कृतिक रूप से सहेजा, उन्नत किया और कलांतर में नये आयाम दिये।

मध्यप्रदेश में पंचायती राज संस्थाओं द्वारा संचालित योजनाओं का आलोचनात्मक अध्ययन ”छिन्दवाड़ा जिले के विशेष सन्दर्भ में“ गहन शोध एवं विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययन किया गया। लाभार्थियों से प्रत्यक्ष रूप से मौखिक साक्षात्कार एवं गहन पूछताछ करने पर यह पाया गया है कि मध्यप्रदेश शासन द्वारा पंचायती राज के संबंध में जितनी भी योजनायें संचालित की जा रही हैं उनका पूरा लाभ लाभार्थियों को नहीं मिल पा रहा हैं। योजनाओं से संबंधित राशि शासन द्वारा लाभार्थियों तक पहुंचाने के उद्देश्य से स्वीकृत की जा रही है किन्तु बीच में कुछ अधिकारी एवं कर्मचारियों के द्वारा राशि का गबन एवं अन्य प्रकार से छल-कपट कर संपूर्ण राशि लाभार्थी तक नहीं पहुंच पा रही है। अतः शासन को अपने उच्च अधिकारियों को आदेशित कर योजना का सही रूप से आर्थिक क्रियान्वयन करने के निर्देश प्रसारित किया जाना चाहिए ताकि लाभार्थी को पूरा लाभ मिल सके। साथ प्रचार प्रसार एवं विज्ञापन के माध्यम से लाभार्थी तक योजना की जानकारी पहुंचाई जाना चाहिए एवं योजनाओं से लाभ लेने की प्रक्रिया को अत्यंत सरल बनाया जाये ताकि ग्रामीण अशिक्षित व्यक्ति भी आसानी से उनका लाभ ले सके। इस शोध पत्र में पंचायती सत्र संस्थाओं द्वारा संचालित योजनाओं का इन्हीं संदभों में अध्ययन किया गया है।

प्रस्तुत शोध के माध्यम से माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यार्थियों की जीव विज्ञान विषय की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि पर 5ES निर्माणवादी शिक्षण उपागम की प्रभावशीलता का अध्ययन किया गया है। प्रस्तुत शोध कार्य में मिश्रित शोध विधि (Sequential Exploratory Mixed Method) का उपयोग किया गया है। गुणात्मक शोध विधि के रूप में सर्वेक्षण विधि तथा मात्रात्मक शोध विधि के रूप में प्रयोगात्मक शोध विधि (Pre-test Post-test Single Group Design) का उपयोग किया गया है। शोध अध्ययन हेतु प्रतिदर्श के रूप में उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य के जनपद- पीलीभीत में संचालित तथा माध्यमिक शिक्षा परिषद, उत्तर प्रदेश से सम्बद्ध एक माध्यमिक विद्यालय का चयन साधारण यादृच्छिक न्यादर्शन प्रविधि से किया गया तथा शोध कार्य हेतु इस विद्यालय में अध्ययनरत कक्षा 11 के जीव विज्ञान के सभी 45 विद्यार्थियों को सम्मिलित किया गया है। परिमाणात्मक आंकड़ों के एकत्रीकरण के लिए 35 बहुविकल्पीय प्रश्नों युक्त स्वः निर्मित जीव विज्ञान उपलब्धि परीक्षण (BSAT) प्रश्नावली का उपयोग किया गया है। परिमाणात्मक आंकड़ोंके निष्कर्षों को और अधिक स्पष्ट करने के लिए 10 विद्यार्थियों का असंरचित साक्षात्कार कर गुणात्मक आंकड़ों का एकत्रीकरण किया गयाहै। प्रयोगात्मक अध्ययन प्रारम्भ करने से पूर्व शोध हेतु चयनित प्रयोज्य समूह के सभी सदस्यों पर BSAT का प्रशासन किया गया तत्पश्चात प्रयोज्य समूह के सदस्यों को 16 दिनों तक प्रतिदिन 1 घंटे जीव विज्ञान के कुछ महत्वपूर्ण प्रत्ययों को 5Es निर्माणवादी शिक्षण उपागम की सहायता से सीखने के अवसर प्रदान किए गए। 16 दिनों के पश्चात प्रयोज्य समूह के सभी सदस्यों पर पुनः BSAT प्रशासन कर आकड़ों को एकत्रित किया गया। इसके अतिरिक्त 10 विद्यार्थियों का असंरचित साक्षात्कार भी लिया गया। मात्रात्मक आंकड़ों के विश्लेषण हेतु माध्य, मानक विचलन, प्रोडक्ट मोमेण्ट सहसम्बन्ध तथा ज-परीक्षण का उपयोग किया गया है। इसके साथ-साथ गुणात्मक आंकड़ों के विश्लेषण हेतु गुणात्मक शोध विश्लेषण प्रविधियों का उपयोग किया गया। मात्रात्मक आंकड़ों के विश्लेषण के उपरांत यह पाया गया कि 0.05 सार्थकता स्तर पर कक्षा 11 के विद्यार्थियों के BSAT पूर्व-परीक्षण तथा पश्च-परीक्षण के माध्यों में सार्थक अंतर है। इससे स्पष्ट होता है कि कक्षा 11 के विद्यार्थियों की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि पर निर्माणवादी शिक्षण उपागम का प्रभाव पड़ता है। गुणात्मक आकड़ों के विश्लेषणोपरांत भी यही निष्कर्ष प्राप्त हुआ कि विद्यार्थी 5Es निर्माणवादी शिक्षण उपागम की सहायता से जीव विज्ञान के निश्चित प्रत्ययों को प्रभावी तरीके से सीखे तथा उन्हें इस प्रकार से सीखना सरल तथा रुचिकर लगता है और सीखा गया ज्ञान अपेक्षाकृत अधिक समय तक स्थायी रहता है। समेकित रूप से इस शोध अध्ययन से यह निष्कर्ष प्राप्त होता है कि माध्यमिक स्तर के विद्यार्थियों की जीव विज्ञान विषय की शैक्षिक उपलब्धि पर 5Es निर्माणवादी शिक्षण उपागम का सकारात्मक प्रभाव पड़ता है।

म.प्र. में शासकीय तेंदूपत्ता नीति के आर्थिक क्रियान्वयन का विश्लेषनात्मक अध्ययन के अंतर्गत तामिया एवं सौंसर तहसील के विशेष संदर्भ में शोध करके इस निष्कर्ष पर पहुॅचा गया है कि तेंदूपत्ता संग्रहण के पूर्व ग्रामीण आदिवासियों वनवासियों एवं जनजाति के लोगों की आर्थिक स्थिति काफी दयनीय थी एवं उन्हें वर्ष में केवल कुछ माह ही कृषि कार्य में रोजगार मिल पाता था और वह भी अनियमित रूप से था। तथा कृषि के अतिरिक्त ग्रामीण परिवारों की आर्थिक आय का कोई और साधन नहीं था। एवं सम्पूर्ण परिवार में से केवल 1 या दो व्यक्ति को ही कृषि कार्य में मजदूरी मिल पाती थी और वह भी अनियमित रूप से। समृद्ध किसान इन मजदूरों को केवल कृषि में कार्य के समय बुला लिया करते थे एवं उसी समय का मजदूरी भुगतान किया करते थे। शेष समय के मजदूर बेजरोजगार बैठे रहते थे। किन्तु तेन्दूपत्ता संग्रहण के पश्चात् इन मजदूरों को कृषि के अतिरिक्त रोजगार मिलने लगा। एवं जब वे खाली समय घरों में बैठे रहते थे। उस समय इनको तेन्दूपत्ता तोड़ने का काम प्राप्त होने लगा। एवं इस कार्य से इनको शासन द्वारा पर्याप्त मात्रा में मजदूरी का भुगतान किया जाने लगा जिससे इनकी जीवन निर्वाह हेतु पर्याप्त आमदनी होने लगी। निष्कर्षतः यह कहा जा सकता है कि तेन्दूपत्ता संग्रहण के कार्य से ग्रामीण आदिवासियों वनवासी ए